Pejhman Vatandoost-Miandehi, Masoud Nikokar
In this paper, the concept of isotropic projective Ricci curvature has been investigated. By classification of Randers metric of isotropic projective Ricci curvature, it is shown that Randers metric of projective Ricci curvature is reversible if and only if it is of square projective Ricci curvature.
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In this paper, we study Randers metrics and find a condition on Ricci tensor of these metrics to be Berwaldian. This generalize Shen's Theorem which says: every R-°at complete Randers metric is locally Minkowskian. Then we find a necessary and sufficient condition on Ricci tensor under which a Randers metric of scalar °ag curvature is of zero °ag curvature.
A Finsler space is called Ricci-quadratic if its Ricci curvature $Ric(x,y)$ is quadratic in $y$. It is called a Berwald space if its Chern connection defines a linear connection directly on the underlying manifold $M$. In this article, we prove that a homogeneous Randers space is Ricci-quadratic if and only if it is of Berwald type.
In this paper, we study the Randers metrics of weakly isotropic scalar curvature. We prove that a Randers metric of weakly isotropic scalar curvature must be of isotropic $S$-curvature. Further, we prove that a conformally flat Randers metric of weakly isotropic scalar curvature is either Minkowskian or Riemannian.
Randers Ricci soliton homogeneous nilmanifolds
本文研究左不变 Randers 度量下的幂零李群，证明在 Ricci 流方程唯一解时，Ricci 孤子等价于半代数 Ricci 孤子。
Almost Ricci solitons on Finsler spaces
本文在Finsler测度空间上引入并研究（梯度）几乎Ricci孤立子，给出其等价刻画，并分类Randers情形，构造了Finsler几何中首批非平凡的梯度Ricci孤立子例子。
In this paper, we introduce the weighted projective Ricci curvature as an extension of projective Ricci curvature introduced by Z. Shen. We characterize the class of Randers metrics of weighted projective Ricci flat curvature. We find the necessary and sufficient condition under which a Kropina metric has weighted projective Ricci flat curvature. Finally, we show that every projectively flat metric with isotropic weighted projective Ricci and isotropic S-curvature is a Kropina metric or Randers metric.
The study of curvature properties of homogeneous Finsler spaces with $(α, β)$-metrics is one of the central problems in Riemann-Finsler geometry. In this paper, we consider homogeneous Finsler spaces with square metric and Randers change of square metric. First, we derive the explicit formulae for Ricci curvature of homogeneous Finsler spaces with these metrics. Next, we find a necessary and sufficient condition under which a homogeneous Finsler space with either of these metrics is of vanishing $S$-curvature. The formulae for Ricci curvature of homogeneous Finsler spaces with square metric an…
Here, using the projectively invariant pseudo-distance and Schwarzian derivative, it is shown that every connected complete Finsler space of the constant negative Ricci scalar is reversible. In particular, every complete Randers metric of constant negative Ricci (or flag) curvature is Riemannian.
The notion of the Ricci curvature is defined for sprays on a manifold. With a volume form on a manifold, every spray can be deformed to a projective spray. The Ricci curvature of a projective spray is called the projective Ricci curvature. In this paper, we introduce the notion of projectively Ricci-flat sprays. We establish a global rigidity result for projectively Ricci-flat sprays with nonnegative Ricci curvature. Then we study and characterize projectively Ricci-flat Randers metrics.
Weighted Ricci curvatures with various weights of the S-curvature have played an important role in Finsler geometry, especially in the control of volumes of Finsler manifolds. In this paper, we study general weighted Ricci curvatures, and characterize Randers metrics of almost isotropic weighted Ricci curvatures.
Integral formulae for foliated Riemannian manifolds provide obstructions for existence of foliations or compact leaves of them with given geometric properties. This paper continues our recent study and presents new integral formulae and their applications for codimension-one foliated Randers spaces. The goal is a generalization of Reeb's formula (that the total mean curvature of the leaves is zero) and its companion (that twice total second mean curvature of the leaves equals to the total Ricci curvature in the normal direction). We also extend results by Brito, Langevin and Rosenberg (that to…
In this essay, we study the sufficient and necessary conditions for a Randers metrc to be of constant Ricci curvature without the restriction of strong convexity (regularity). The classification result for the case $\|β\|_α>1$ is provided, which is similar to the famous Bao-Robles-Shen's result for strongly convex Randers metrics ($\|β\|_α<1$). Based on some famous Einstein-Lorentz metrics in General Relativity, such as Minkowski metric, Sitter metric, anti de Sitter metric, Schwarzschild metric, Kerr metric, C-metric, Kasner metric, Levi-Civita metric, Cartor-Novotný-Horský metric, etc., many…
In this paper, we investigate the spherically symmetric Finsler metrics with isotropic S-curvature and obtain a characterized equation. As an application, we prove that these metrics with Douglas type must be Randers metrics or Berwald metrics. This result leads to two classification theorems.
On Berwald Spaces with non-Zero Flag Curvature
该研究证明非零旗帜曲率的贝瓦尔德流形是黎曼流形，并扩展了刚性定理，同时探讨了各向同性贝瓦尔德流形的性质及推广了贝瓦尔德-兰德斯度量的结果。
Finsler metrics of scalar flag curvature play an important role to show the complexity and richness of general Finsler metrics. In this paper, on an $n$-dimensional manifold $M$ we study the Finsler metric $F=F(x,y)$ of scalar flag curvature ${\bf K} = {\bf K}(x,y)$ and discover some equations ${\bf K}$ should be satisfied. As an application, we mainly study the metric $F$ of weakly isotropic flag curvature ${\bf K} = \frac{3 θ}{F} + σ$, where $θ=θ_i(x) y^i \neq 0$ is a $1$-form and $σ=σ(x)$ is a scalar function. We prove that in this case, $F$ must be a Randers metric when $dim(M) \geq 3$. Fu…
Ricci flow on manifolds with positive isotropic curvature in all dimensions
本文通过构造收缩锥，将正各向同性曲率流形的分类推广至所有维度，并完成相关古代解与梯度收缩Ricci孤子的分类。
In this paper, we prove two rigidity results for non-positively curved homogeneous Finsler metrics. Our first main result yields an extension of Hu-Deng's well-known result proven for the Randers metrics. Indeed, we prove that every connected homogeneous Finsler space with non-positive flag curvature and isotropic S-curvature is Riemannian or locally Minkowskian. We extend the Szabó's rigidity theorem for Berwald surfaces and show that homogeneous isotropic Berwald metrics with non-positive flag curvature are Riemannian or locally Minkowskian. We prove that a homogeneous $(α, β)$-metrics has i…
We construct examples of Bach-flat gradient Ricci solitons which are neither half conformally flat nor conformally Einstein.
In this paper we study the Ricci flow on compact four-manifolds with positive isotropic curvature and with no essential incompressible space form. Our purpose is two-fold. One is to give a complete proof of Hamilton's classification theorem on four-manifolds with positive isotropic curvature and with no essential incompressible space form; the other is to extend some recent results of Perelman on the three-dimensional Ricci flow to four-manifolds. During the the proof we have actually provided, up to slight modifications, all necessary details for the part from Section 1 to Section 5 of Perelm…
Four-dimensional complete gradient shrinking Ricci solitons with half positive isotropic curvature
本文研究四维完备梯度收缩里奇孤立子在半正迷向曲率条件下的曲率估计与分类，给出非紧情形的二次曲率下界，并利用强极值原理完成相应分类。
We show that every $n$-dimensional, $κ$-noncollapsed, noncompact, complete ancient solution to the Ricci flow with uniformly PIC for $n=4$ or $n\ge 12$ has weakly PIC$_2$ and bounded curvature. Combining this with earlier results, we prove that any such solution is isometric to either a family of shrinking cylinders (or a quotient thereof) or the Bryant soliton. Also, we classify all complex 2-dimensional, $κ$-noncollapsed, complete ancient solutions to the Kähler Ricci flow with weakly PIC.
Four-dimensional gradient Ricci solitons with (half) nonnegative isotropic curvature
本文作为此前研究的续作，针对具有非负或半非负迷向曲率的四维梯度稳态、膨胀Ricci孤立子得到分类相关结果，并改进了梯度收缩Ricci孤立子的已有结论，给出复二维Kaehler-Ricci收缩子的刻画。
We show that in dimensions $n \geq 12$, a non-flat complete gradient shrinking solitons with uniformly positive isotropic curvature (PIC) must be a quotient of either the round sphere $S^n$ or the cylinder $S^{n-1} \times \mathbb{R}$. We also observe that in dimensions $n \geq 5$, a complete gradient shrinking soliton that is strictly PIC and weakly PIC2 must be a quotient of either the round sphere $S^n$ or the cylinder $S^{n-1} \times \mathbb{R}$.
In this note we prove the following result: Let $X$ be a complete, connected 4-manifold with uniformly positive isotropic curvature, with bounded geometry and with no essential incompressible space form. Then $X$ is diffeomorphic to $\mathbb{S}^4$, or $\mathbb{RP}^4$, or $\mathbb{S}^3\times \mathbb{S}^1$, or $\mathbb{S}^3\widetilde{\times} \mathbb{S}^1$, or a possibly infinite connected sum of them. This extends work of Hamilton and Chen-Zhu to the noncompact case. The proof uses Ricci flow with surgery on complete 4-manifolds, and is inspired by recent work of Bessi$\grave{e}$res, Besson and …
On Shrinking Ricci solitons with positive isotropic curvature in higher dimensions
本文证明了高维下具有正迷向曲率的收缩Ricci孤立子在特定曲率条件下必为球面或圆柱空间的商空间，并将相关分类与Ricci流古老解结果推广至更高维。
We describe the local structure of self-dual gradient Ricci solitons in neutral signature. If the Ricci soliton is non-isotropic then it is locally conformally flat and locally isometric to a warped product of the form $I\times_φN(c)$, where $N(c)$ is a space of constant curvature. If the Ricci soliton is isotropic, then it is locally isometric to the cotangent bundle of an affine surface equipped with the Riemannian extension of the connection, and the Ricci soliton is described by the underlying affine structure. This provides examples of self-dual gradient Ricci solitons which are not local…
We study a positivity condition for the curvature of oriented Riemannian 4-manifolds: The half-$PIC$ condition. It is a slight weakening of the positive isotropic curvature ($PIC$) condition introduced by M. Micallef and J. Moore. We observe that the half-$PIC$ condition is preserved by the Ricci flow and satisfies a maximality property among all Ricci flow invariant positivity conditions on the curvature of oriented 4-manifolds. We also study some geometric and topological aspects of half-$PIC$ manifolds.
We study the Ricci flow for initial metrics with positive isotropic curvature (strictly PIC for short). In the first part of this paper, we prove new curvature pinching estimates which ensure that blow-up limits are uniformly PIC in all dimensions. Moreover, in dimension $n \geq 12$, we show that blow-up limits are weakly PIC2. This can be viewed as a higher-dimensional version of the fundamental Hamilton-Ivey pinching estimate in dimension $3$. In the second part, we develop a theory of ancient solutions which have bounded curvature; are $κ$-noncollapsed; are weakly PIC2; and are uniformly PI…
The main result of this paper is that a Lorentzian manifold is locally conformally equivalent to a manifold with recurrent lightlike vector field and totally isotropic Ricci tensor if and only if its conformal tractor holonomy admits a 2-dimensional totally isotropic invariant subspace. Furthermore, for semi-Riemannian manifolds of arbitrary signature we prove that the conformal holonomy algebra of a $C$-space is a Berger algebra. For Ricci-flat spaces we show how the conformal holonomy can be obtained by the holonomy of the ambient metric and get results for Riemannian manifolds and plane wav…
This note is devoted to study the implications of nonpositive isotropic curvature and negative Ricci curvature for Einstein $4-$Manifolds.
In this paper, we first deduce a formula of S-curvature of homogeneous Finsler spaces in terms of Killing vector fields. Then we prove that a homogeneous Finsler space has isotropic S-curvature if and only if it has vanishing S-curvature. In the special case that the homogeneous Finsler space is a Randers space, we give an explicit formula which coincides with the previous formula obtained by the second author using other methods.
On a smooth metric measure spacetime $(M,g,e^{-f} dvol_g)$, we define a weighted Einstein tensor. It is given in terms of the Bakry-Émery Ricci tensor as a tensor which is symmetric, divergence-free, concomitant of the metric and the density function. We consider the associated vacuum weighted Einstein field equations and show that isotropic solutions have nilpotent Ricci operator. Moreover, the underlying manifold is a Brinkmann wave if it is $2$-step nilpotent and a Kundt spacetime if it is $3$-step nilpotent. More specific results are obtained in dimension $3$, where all isotropic solutions…
Let (M,g) be a steady gradient Ricci soliton of dimension n \geq 4 which has positive sectional curvature and is asymptotically cylindrical. Under these assumptions, we show that (M,g) is rotationally symmetric. In particular, our result applies to steady gradient Ricci solitons in dimension 4 which are κ-noncollapsed and have positive isotropic curvature.
In this paper, we study navigation problems on conic Kropina manifolds. Let $F(x, y)$ be a conic Kropina metric on an $n$-dimensional manifold $M$ and $V$ be a conformal vector field on $(M, F)$ with $F(x, - V_{x})\leq 1$. Let $\widetilde{F}= \widetilde{F} (x,y)$ be the solution of the navigation problem with navigation data $(F, V)$. We prove that $\widetilde{F}$ must be either a Randers metric or a Kropina metric. Then we establish the relationships between some curvature properties of $F$ and the corresponding properties of the new metric $\widetilde{F}$, which involve S-curvature, flag cur…
A note on the classification of four-dimensional gradient steady and expanding Ricci solitons
本文在渐近圆柱形假设下，研究了四维完整梯度稳态和扩张Ricci流形的分类，同时探讨了半调和Weyl曲率和半非负各向同性曲率的流形分类。
Kropina metrics with isotropic scalar curvature
该研究针对 Kropina 度量，推导其 Ricci 曲率张量与标量曲率表达式，并利用张量分析刻画具有各向同性标量曲率的情形。
In [10], R. Hamilton established a differential Harnack inequality for solutions to the Ricci flow with nonnegative curvature operator. We show that this inequality holds under the weaker condition that M x R^2 has nonnegative isotropic curvature.
We show that a four-dimensional complete gradient shrinking Ricci soliton with positive isotropic curvature is either a quotient of S^4 or a quotient of S^3 cross R. This gives a clean classification result removing the earlier additional assumptions in [13] by Wallach and the second author.
The flag curvature of a Finsler metric is called a Riemannian quantity because it is an extension of sectional curvature in Riemannian geometry. In Finsler geometry, there are several non-Riemannian quantities such as the (mean) Cartan torsion, the (mean) Landsberg curvature and the S-curvature, which all vanish for Riemannian metrics. It is important to understand the geometric meanings of these quantities. In this paper, we study Finsler metrics of scalar curvature (i.e., the flag curvature is a scalar function on the slit tangent bundle) and partially determine the flag curvature when certa…
Ricci Flow under Kato-type curvature lower bound
本文将非塌缩Ricci流的存在性理论从逐点曲率下界推广到Kato型下界，证明三维非塌缩强Kato极限空间同胚于光滑流形，并在高维1-迷向曲率条件下成立，同时利用Ricci流光滑化研究数量曲率几何的稳定性问题。
Let (M,g_0) be a compact Riemannian manifold of dimension n \geq 4. We show that the normalized Ricci flow deforms g_0 to a constant curvature metric provided that (M,g_0) x R has positive isotropic curvature. This condition is stronger than 2-positive flag curvature but weaker than 2-positive curvature operator.
The paper provides a different proof of the result of Brendle-Schoen on the differential sphere theorem. It is shown directly that the invariant cone of curvature operators with positive (or non-negative) complex sectional curvature is preserved by the Ricci flow. This implies, by a result of Böhm-Wilking, that the normalized Ricci flow deforms such a metric to a metric of constant positive curvature. Using earlier work of Yau and Zheng it can be shown that a metric with strictly (pointwise) 1/4-pinched sectional curvature has positive complex sectional curvature. This gives a direct proof of …
In this paper, we study generalized Douglas-Weyl $(α, β)$-metrics. Suppose that an regular $(α, β)$-metric $F$ is not of Randers type. We prove that $F$ is a generalized Douglas-Weyl metric with vanishing S-curvature if and only if it is a Berwald metric. Moreover by ignoring the regularity, if $F$ is not a Berwald metric then we find a family of almost regular Finsler metrics which is not Douglas nor Weyl. As its application, we show that generalized Douglas-Weyl square metric or Matsumoto metric with isotropic mean Berwald curvature are Berwald metrics.
The Funk-Finsler structure on the unit disc in the hyperbolic plane
本文在双曲平面多种模型中构造 Funk-Finsler 结构，证明其在 Klein 单位圆盘中为非 Berwald 的 Douglas metric，并通过显式计算多种曲率揭示了其几何性质。
Curvature pinching of asymptotically conical gradient expanding Ricci solitons
本文研究了完整非紧致渐近锥形梯度扩展里奇溶剂的曲率捏紧现象，建立了若干Hamilton-Ivey型曲率捏紧估计，包括三维梯度里奇扩展体的正截面曲率结果。
Closed generalized Einstein manifolds with radially flat Ricci curvature
本文研究闭广义(λ, n+m)-Einstein流形的分类，证明在常数量曲率、弱径向零Ricci曲率条件下，其在有限覆盖和重标度下等距于球面或圆周与正Ricci曲率Einstein流形的乘积，附加迷向正曲率时则等距于球面或圆周与球面的乘积。
Let $(M^n, g)$ be a compact $n$-dim ($n\geq 2$) manifold with nonnegative Ricci curvature, and if $n\geq 3$ we assume that $(M^n, g)\times \mathbb{R}$ has nonnegative isotropic curvature. The lower bound of the Ricci flow's existence time on $(M^n, g)$ is proved. This provides an alternative proof for the uniform lower bound of a family of closed Ricci flows' maximal existence times, which was firstly proved by E. Cabezas-Rivas and B. Wilking. We also get an interior curvature estimates for $n= 3$ under $Rc\geq 0$ assumption among others. Combining these results, we proved the short time exist…
We prove that if $(M^n,g)$, $n \ge 4$, is a compact, orientable, locally irreducible Riemannian manifold with nonnegative isotropic curvature, then one of the following possibilities hold: (i) $M$ admits a metric with positive isotropic curvature (ii) $(M,g)$ is isometric to a locally symmetric space (iii) $(M,g)$ is Kähler and biholomorphic to $\C P^\frac {n}{2}$. (iv) $(M,g)$ is quaternionic-Kähler. This is implied by the following result: Let $(M^{2n},g)$ be a compact, locally irreducible Kähler manifold with nonnegative isotropic curvature. Then either $M$ is biholomorphic to $\C P^n$ or i…
We prove the following result: Let $(X,g_0)$ be a complete, connected 4-manifold with uniformly positive isotropic curvature and with bounded geometry. Then there is a finite collection $\mathcal{F}$ of manifolds of the form $\mathbb{S}^3 \times \mathbb{R} /G$, where $G$ is a discrete subgroup of the isometry group of the round cylinder $\mathbb{S}^3\times \mathbb{R}$ on which $G$ acts freely, such that $X$ is diffeomorphic to a possibly infinite connected sum of $\mathbb{S}^4,\mathbb{RP}^4$ and members of $\mathcal{F}$. This extends recent work of Chen-Tang-Zhu and Huang. We also extend the a…
We prove the following result: Let $(X,g_0)$ be a complete, connected 4-manifold with uniformly positive isotropic curvature and with bounded geometry. Then there is a finite collection $\mathcal{F}$ of manifolds of the form $\mathbb{S}^3 \times \mathbb{R} /G$, where $G$ is a fixed point free discrete subgroup of the isometry group of the standard metric on $\mathbb{S}^3\times \mathbb{R}$, such that $X$ is diffeomorphic to a (possibly infinite) connected sum of copies of $\mathbb{S}^4,\mathbb{RP}^4$ and/or members of $\mathcal{F}$. This extends recent work of Chen-Tang-Zhu and Huang. We also e…
Open manifolds with uniformly positive isotropic curvature
本文证明了维数 $n\geq 12$ 且具有一致正迷向曲率等几何条件的完备非紧流形，可微分同胚于特定球面流形与圆柱商流形的连通和，推广了 Huang 的工作。
Let (M,g_0) be a compact Riemannian manifold with pointwise 1/4-pinched sectional curvatures. We show that the Ricci flow deforms g_0 to a constant curvature metric. The proof uses the fact, also established in this paper, that positive isotropic curvature is preserved by the Ricci flow in all dimensions. We also rely on earlier work of Hamilton and of Bohm and Wilking.
On almost rational Finsler metrics
本文提出几乎有理Finsler度量概念，给出其成为Riemannian度量的充要条件，研究相关几何量的有理性，证明若干曲率条件下的刚性结果，并引入扩展m次根度量作为新例子。
Classification of compact manifolds with positive isotropic curvature
该研究针对维数不小于12的正迷向曲率紧流形，运用紧轨形上带手术的Ricci flow等方法完成分类，推广并改进了前人相关结果。
B Wilking has recently shown that one can associate a Ricci flow invariant cone of curvature operators $C(S)$, which are nonnegative in a suitable sense, to every $Ad_{SO(n,\C)}$ invariant subset $S \subset {\bf so}(n,\C)$. For curvature operators of a Kähler manifold of complex dimension $n$, one considers $Ad_{GL(n,\C)}$ invariant subsets $S \subset {\bf gl}(n,\C)$. In this article we show: (i) If $S$ is an $Ad_{SO(n,\C)}$ subset, then $C(S)$ is contained in the cone of curvature operators with nonnegative isotropic curvature and if $S$ is an $Ad_{GL(n,\C)}$ subset, then $C(S)$ is contained …
The class of generalized Berwald metrics contains the class of Berwald metrics. In this paper, we characterize two-dimensional generalized Berwald $(α, β)$-metrics with vanishing S-curvature. Let $F=αϕ(s)$, $s=β/α$, be a two-dimensional generalized Berwald $(α,β)$-metric on a manifold $M$. Suppose that $F$ has vanishing S-curvature. We show that one of the following holds: (i) if $F$ is a regular metric, then it reduces to a Riemannian metric of isotropic sectional curvature or a locally Minkowskian metric; (ii) if $F$ is an almost regular metric that is not Riemannian nor locally Minkowskian,…
Finsler structure of the Apollonian weak metric on the unit disc
本文发现单位圆盘上Apollonian弱度量是Randers型Finsler结构，由双曲Poincaré度量经闭1-形变得到，其测地线与双曲度量一致，并计算了S曲率、Riemann曲率、Ricci曲率和旗曲率。
An $(α,β)$-metric is defined by a Riemannian metric $α$ and $1$-form $β$. In this paper, we study a known class of two-dimensional $(α,β)$-metrics of vanishing S-curvature. We determine the local structure of those metrics and show that those metrics are Einsteinian (equivalently, isotropic flag curvature) but generally are not Ricci-flat.
Compact manifolds of dimension $n\geq 12$ with positive isotropic curvature
本文证明了维数 $n\geq 12$ 且具有正迷曲率的紧致流形的分类结果，推广了 Brendle 的工作并蕴含了 Schoen 和 Gromov 的猜想，证明使用了在具有孤立奇点的紧致轨空间上的带手术 Ricci 流。
On projective symmetries on Finsler Spaces
本文证明了Akbar-Zadeh的两种Einstein-Finsler空间定义在$I$-不变射影向量场积分曲线上等价，揭示了闭Finsler空间中射影对称性退化为Killing向量场的条件，并完成了紧致各向同性平均Landsberg流形的分类。
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