In this paper we consider the cone of all positive, bounded operators acting on an infinite dimensional, complex Hilbert space, and examine bijective maps that preserve absolute continuity in both directions. It turns out that these maps are exactly those that preserve singularity in both directions. Moreover, in some weak sense, such maps are always induced by bounded, invertible, linear- or conjugate linear operators of the underlying Hilbert space. Our result gives a possible generalization of a recent theorem of Molnar which characterizes maps on the positive cone that preserve the Lebesgue decomposition of operators.
An absolute continuity approach to quasinormality which relates the operator in question to the spectral measure of its modulus is developed. Algebraic characterizations of some classes of operators that emerged in this context are invented. Various examples and counterexamples illustrating the concepts of the paper are constructed by means of weighted shifts on directed trees. Generalizations of these results that cover the case of q-quasinormal operators are established.
We study notions of absolute continuity for functions defined on $\mathbb{R}^n$similar to the notion of $α$-absolute continuity in the sense of Bongiorno. We confirm a conjecture of Malý that 1-absolutely continuous functions do not need to be differentiable a.e., and we show several other pathological examples of functions in this class. We establish containment relations of the class $1-AC_{\rm WDN}$ which consits of all functions in $1-AC$ which are in the Sobolev space $W^{1,2}_{loc}$, are differentiable a.e. and satisfy the Luzin (N) property, with previously studied classes of absolutely…
The prime objective of this paper is to develop the notion of absolute continuity of functions on a more general setting outside $\R$. For this we have considered a topological space which is a measure space as well. We have built axioms for making the $σ$- algebra and measure compatible with the topology of the space. These spaces are termed as \textit{topological measure space} (in short \textit{tms}). $\R^n$ with usual topology, Lebesgue $σ$-algebra and Lebesgue measure is a relevant example of tms. Further, we have presented a new tms structure on second countable metric spaces with the de…
As shape analysis of the form presented in Srivastava and Klassen's textbook 'Functional and Shape Data Analysis' is intricately related to Lebesgue integration and absolute continuity, it is advantageous to have a good grasp of the latter two notions. Accordingly, in these notes we review basic concepts and results about Lebesgue integration and absolute continuity. In particular, we review fundamental results connecting them to each other and to the kind of shape analysis, or more generally, functional data analysis presented in the aforementioned textbook, in the process shedding light on i…
The localization phenomenon for periodic unitary transition operators on a Hilbert space consisting of square summable functions on an integer lattice with values in a complex vector space, which is a generalization of the discrete-time quantum walks with constant coin matrices, are discussed. It is proved that a periodic unitary transition operator has an eigenvalue if and only if the corresponding unitary matrix-valued function on a torus has an eigenvalue which does not depend on the points on the torus. It is also proved that the continuous spectrum of the periodic unitary transition opera…
In this paper we develop the method of double operator integrals to prove trace formulae for functions of contractions, dissipative operators, unitary operators and self-adjoint operators. To establish the absolute continuity of spectral shift, we use the Sz.-Nagy theorem on the absolute continuity of the spectrum of the minimal unitary dilation of a completely nonunitary contraction. We also give a construction of an intermediate contraction for a pair of contractions with trace class difference.
We consider the plasmonic eigenvalue problem for a general 2D domain with a curvilinear corner, studying the spectral theory of the Neumann--Poincaré operator of the boundary. A limiting absorption principle is proved, valid when the spectral parameter approaches the essential spectrum. Putting the principle into use, it is proved that the corner produces absolutely continuous spectrum of multiplicity 1. The embedded eigenvalues are discrete. In particular, there is no singular continuous spectrum.
Absolutely continuous commuting row contractions admit a weak-$*$ continuous functional calculus. Building on recent work describing the first and second dual spaces of the closure of the polynomial multipliers on the Drury-Arveson space, we give a complete characterization of these commuting row contractions in measure theoretic terms. We also establish that completely non-unitary row contractions are necessarily absolutely continuous, in direct parallel with the case of a single contraction. Finally, we consider refinements of this question for row contractions that are annihilated by a give…
Let $G$ be a compact Lie group of Lie type $B_{n},$ such as $SO(2n+1)$. We characterize the tuples\ $(x_{1},...,x_{L})$ of the elements $x_{j}\in G$ which have the property that the product of their conjugacy classes has non-empty interior. Equivalently, the convolution product of the orbital measures supported on their conjugacy classes is absolutely continuous with respect to Haar measure. The characterization depends on the dimensions of the largest eigenspaces of each $x_{j}$. Such a characterization was previously only known for the compact Lie groups of type $A_{n}$.
In this paper we introduce and study absolute continuity and singularity of positive operators acting on anti-dual pairs. We establish a general theorem that can be considered as a common generalization of various earlier Lebesgue-type decompositions. Different algebraic and topological characterizations of absolute continuity and singularity are supplied and also a complete description of uniqueness of the decomposition is provided. We apply the developed decomposition theory to some concrete objects including Hilbert space operators, Hermitian forms, representable functionals, and additive s…
Let $\mathfrak{g}$ be a compact, simple Lie algebra of dimension $d$. It is a classical result that the convolution of any $d$ non-trivial, $G$ -invariant, orbital measures is absolutely continuous with respect to Lebesgue measure on $\mathfrak{g}$ and the sum of any $d$ non-trivial orbits has non-empty interior. The number $d$ was later reduced to the rank of the Lie algebra (or rank $+1$ in the case of type $A_{n}$). More recently, the minimal integer $k=k(X)$ such that the $k$-fold convolution of the orbital measure supported on the orbit generated by $X$ is an absolutely continuous measure…
In this paper we consider the representing measures $μ_{x},x\in \QTR{Bbb}{R}^{d}$, and $ν_{y},y\in \QTR{Bbb}{R}^{d}$, of the Dunkl intertwining operator and of its dual. When the multiplicity function is positive, we prove that for all $x\in \QTR{Bbb}{R}_{\QTO{mbox}{reg}}^{d}$ we have $dμ_{x}(y)=\QTR{cal}{K}(x,y)dy$ and for almost all $y\in \QTR{Bbb}{R}^{d}$ we have $dν_{y}(x)=\QTR{cal}{K}(x,y)ω_{k}(x)dx,$ where $\QTR{cal}{K}(x,.)$ is a positive integrable function on $\QTR{Bbb}{R}^{d}$ with support in $\{y\in \QTR{Bbb}{R}^{d}/\Vert y\Vert \leq \Vert x\Vert \}$ and the function $\QTR{cal}{K}(.…
Let $μ,ν$ be Radon measures on $\mathbb{R}$, with $μ$ non-atomic and $ν$ doubling, and write $μ= μ_{a} + μ_{s}$ for the Lebesgue decomposition of $μ$ relative to $ν$. For an interval $I \subset \mathbb{R}$, define $α_{μ,ν}(I) := \mathbb{W}_{1}(μ_{I},ν_{I})$, the Wasserstein distance of normalised blow-ups of $μ$ and $ν$ restricted to $I$. Let $\mathcal{S}_ν$ be the square function $$\mathcal{S}^{2}_ν(μ) = \sum_{I \in \mathcal{D}} α_{μ,ν}^{2}(I)χ_{I},$$ where $\mathcal{D}$ is the family of dyadic intervals of side-length at most one. I prove that $\mathcal{S}_ν(μ)$ is finite $μ_{a}$ almost ever…
We study finitely additive extensions of the asymptotic density to all the subsets of natural numbers. Such measures are called density measures. We consider a class of density measures constructed from free ultrafilters on $\mathbb{N}$ and investigate absolute continuity and singularity for those density measures. In particular, for any pair of such density measures we prove necessary and sufficient conditions that one is absolutely continuous with respect to the other and that they are singular. Also we prove the same results for weak absolute continuity and strong singularity.
A finite Borel measure $μ$ in ${\mathbb R}^d$ is called a frame-spectral measure if it admits an exponential frame (or Fourier frame) for $L^2(μ)$. It has been conjectured that a frame-spectral measure must be translationally absolutely continuous, which is a criterion describing the local uniformity of a measure on its support. In this paper, we show that if any measures $ν$ and $λ$ without atoms whose supports form a packing pair, then $ν\ast λ+δ_t\astν$ is translationally singular and it does not admit any Fourier frame. In particular, we show that the sum of one-fourth and one-sixteenth Ca…
We study continuity properties in Lebesgue spaces for a class of Fourier integral operators arising in the study of the Boltzmann equation. The phase has a Hölder-type singularity at the origin. We prove boundedness in $L^1$ with a precise loss of decay depending on the Hölder exponent, and we show by counterexamples that a loss occurs even in the case of smooth phases. The results can be seen as a quantitative version of the Beurling-Helson theorem for changes of variables with a Hölder singularity at the origin. The continuity in $L^2$ is studied as well by providing sufficient conditions an…
