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arXiv 2002.01504cs.ITmath.IT
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能量有效的无小区大规模MIMO网络的联合功率分配和负载均衡优化

Joint Power Allocation and Load Balancing Optimization for Energy-Efficient Cell-Free Massive MIMO Networks

Trinh Van Chien, Emil Björnson, Erik G. Larsson

摘要:

具有通过相干联合传输为用户服务的许多接入点(AP)的大规模分布式天线系统正在被考虑用于5G及更高网络。该技术被称为Cell-free Massive MIMO,可以为用户提供比传统蜂窝拓扑更统一的服务水平。对于给定的用户集,可能仅需要AP的子集来满足用户的性能需求,特别是在高峰流量时间之外。为了找到实现节能的负载均衡,我们最小化的总下行链路功率消耗在AP,同时考虑发射功率和硬件耗散。AP可以暂时关闭,以减少后者。制定的优化问题是非凸的,但尽管如此,通过求解混合整数二阶锥规划获得全局最优解。由于计算复杂性是禁止的实时实现,我们还提出了两个低复杂度的算法,利用固有的组稀疏性和优化的发射功率的问题制定。数值结果表明,我们的优化算法可以大大降低功耗相比,保持所有AP打开,只有最小化的发射功率。此外,低复杂度的算法可以有效地处理大规模网络的功率分配和AP激活。

英文摘要:

Large-scale distributed antenna systems with many access points (APs) that serve the users by coherent joint transmission is being considered for 5G-and-beyond networks. The technology is called Cell-free Massive MIMO and can provide a more uniform service level to the users than a conventional cellular topology. For a given user set, only a subset of the APs is likely needed to satisfy the users' performance demands, particularly outside the peak traffic hours. To find achieve an energy-efficient load balancing, we minimize the total downlink power consumption at the APs, considering both the transmit powers and hardware dissipation. APs can be temporarily turned off to reduce the latter part. The formulated optimization problem is non-convex but, nevertheless, a globally optimal solution is obtained by solving a mixed-integer second-order cone program. Since the computational complexity is prohibitive for real-time implementation, we also propose two low-complexity algorithms that exploit the inherent group-sparsity and the optimized transmit powers in the problem formulation. Numerical results manifest that our optimization algorithms can greatly reduce the power consumption compared to keeping all APs turned on and only minimizing the transmit powers. Moreover, the low-complexity algorithms can effectively handle the power allocation and AP activation for large-scale networks.

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