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arXiv 2001.08721astro-ph.SR
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M矮星中发电机模的跃迁:使跃迁发生的光谱范围变窄

A transition of dynamo modes in M dwarfs: narrowing down the spectral range where the transition occurs*

D. J. Mullan, E. R. Houdebine

摘要:

Houdebine等人(2017:H17)将CaII数据与投影旋转速度(v sin i)相结合,以构建K-M矮星的旋转活动相关性(RAC)。RAC斜率用于论证发电机模式之间的转换发生在M2和M3之间的光谱类型处。H17提出发电机转变对应于完全对流转变(TTCC)。对GAIA数据的独立研究使Jao等人(2018)认为TTCC在M3.0V附近设置,接近H17结果。然而,在GAIA数据中导致TTCC签名的恒星的变化可能不会导致相同光谱类型的CaII发射的变化:后者也受到磁效应的影响,这取决于核心中对流的某些特性。在这里,我们使用钙II发射通量的样本中的~600 M的矮星,并试图缩小从一个发电机模式到另一个的过渡:而不是依赖于RAC斜率,我们量化的钙II发射通量如何随光谱类型的变化,以确定步骤中的通量显着减少在一个狭窄的光谱类型范围内。我们建议,发电机模式转换可能会缩小到M2.1和M2.3之间。这接近但早于Jao et al(2018)确定的TTCC位置。我们认为,发电机模式的转变可能与存在一个小的对流核心,发生在一个有限的时间间隔,在某些低质量的恒星。

英文摘要:

Houdebine et al (2017: H17) combined CaII data with projected rotational velocities (v sin i) to construct rotation-activity correlations (RAC) in K-M dwarfs. The RAC slopes were used to argue that a transition between dynamo modes occurs at a spectral type between M2 and M3. H17 suggested that the dynamo transition corresponds to a transition to complete convection (TTCC). An independent study of GAIA data led Jao et al (2018) to suggest that the TTCC sets in near M3.0V, close to the H17 result. However, the changes in a star which cause TTCC signatures in GAIA data might not lead to changes in CaII emission at an identical spectral type: the latter are also affected by magnetic effects which depend on certain properties of convection in the core. Here, we use CaII emission fluxes in a sample of ~600 M dwarfs, and attempt to narrow down the transition from one dynamo mode to another: rather than relying on RAC slopes, we quantify how the CaII emission flux varies with spectral type to identify steps where the flux decreases significantly across a narrow range of spectral types. We suggest that the dynamo mode transition may be narrowed down to between M2.1 and M2.3. This is close to, but earlier than, the TTCC location identified by Jao et al (2018). We suggest that the transition in dynamo mode may be related to the existence of a small convective core which occurs for a finite time interval in certain low mass stars.

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