Network slicing is a promising approach for enabling low latency computation offloading in edge computing systems. In this paper, we consider an edge computing system under network slicing in which the wireless devices generate latency sensitive computational tasks. We address the problem of joint dynamic assignment of computational tasks to slices, management of radio resources across slices and management of radio and computing resources within slices. We formulate the Joint Slice Selection and Edge Resource Management(JSS-ERM) problem as a mixed-integer problem with the objective to minimize the completion time of computational tasks. We show that the JSS-ERM problem is NP-hard and develop an approximation algorithm with bounded approximation ratio based on a game theoretic treatment of the problem. We provide extensive simulation results to show that network slicing can improve the system performance compared to no slicing and that the proposed solution can achieve significant gains compared to the equal slicing policy. Our results also show that the computational complexity of the proposed algorithm is approximately linear in the number of devices.
Mobility management in a sliced 5G network introduces new and complex challenges. In a network-sliced environment, user mobility has to be managed among not only different base stations or access technologies but also different slices. Managing user mobility among slices, or inter-slice mobility, motivates the need for new solutions. This article, presented as a tutorial, focuses on the problem of inter-slice mobility from the perspective of 3GPP standards for 5G. It provides a detailed overview of the relevant 3GPP standard principles. Accordingly, key technical gaps, challenges, and correspo…
The core innovation in future 5G cellular networksnetwork slicing, aims at providing a flexible and efficient framework of network organization and resource management. The revolutionary network architecture based on slices, makes most of the current network cost models obsolete, as they estimate the expenditures in a static manner. In this paper, a novel methodology is proposed, in which a value chain in sliced networks is presented. Based on the proposed value chain, the profits generated by different slices are analyzed, and the task of network resource management is modeled as a multiobjec…
Flying and ground-based cars require various services such as autonomous driving, remote pilot, infotainment, and remote diagnosis. Each service requires specific Quality of Service (QoS) and network features. Therefore, network slicing can be a solution to fulfill the requirements of various services. Some services, such as infotainment, may have similar requirements to serve flying and ground-based cars. Therefore, some slices can serve both kinds of cars. However, when network slice resource sharing is too aggressive, slices can not meet QoS requirements, where resource under-provisioning c…
University of Bristol（布里斯托尔大学）；EURECOM（欧洲通信研究院）；IBM Haifa Research Labs（IBM海法研究实验室）
Fifth Generation (5G) networks are envisioned to be fully autonomous in accordance to the ETSI-defined Zero touch network and Service Management (ZSM) concept. To this end, purpose-specific Machine Learning (ML) models can be used to manage and control physical as well as virtual network resources in a way that is fully compliant to slice Service Level Agreements (SLAs), while also boosting the revenue of the underlying physical network operator(s). This is because specially designed and trained ML models can be both proactive and very effective against slice management issues that can induce …
LoRa wireless networks are considered as a key enabling technology for next generation internet of things (IoT) systems. New IoT deployments (e.g., smart city scenarios) can have thousands of devices per square kilometer leading to huge amount of power consumption to provide connectivity. In this paper, we investigate green LoRa wireless networks powered by a hybrid of the grid and renewable energy sources, which can benefit from harvested energy while dealing with the intermittent supply. This paper proposes resource management schemes of the limited number of channels and spreading factors (…
Supported by the emerging technologies of Network Function Virtualization (NFV) and network slicing, 5G networks allow tenants to rent resources from mobile network operators (MNOs) in order to provide services without possessing an own network infrastructure. The MNOs are therefore facing the problem of deciding if to accept or decline the resource renting requests they receive. This paper builds a stochastic model that describes the MNO's revenue and opportunity cost of accepting a contract, and therewith proposes a strategy that is analytically derived to maximize the expected profit at eve…
This paper addresses the challenges of delivering fine-grained Quality of Service (QoS) and communication determinism over 5G wireless networks for real-time and autonomous needs of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) applications while effectively sharing network resources. Specifically, this work presents DANSM, a software-defined, dynamic and autonomous network slice management middleware for 5G-based IIoT use cases, such as adaptive robotic repair. Empirical studies evaluating DANSM on our testbed comprising a Free5GC-based core and UERANSIM-based simulations reveal that the software-defi…
In this article, we first present the vision, key performance indicators, key enabling techniques (KETs), and services of 6G wireless networks. Then, we highlight a series of general resource management (RM) challenges as well as unique RM challenges corresponding to each KET. The unique RM challenges in 6G necessitate the transformation of existing optimization-based solutions to artificial intelligence/machine learning-empowered solutions. In the sequel, we formulate a joint network selection and subchannel allocation problem for 6G multi-band network that provides both further enhanced mobi…
Radio access network (RAN) virtualization is gaining more and more ground and expected to re-architect the next-generation cellular networks. Existing RAN virtualization studies and solutions have mostly focused on sharing communication capacity and tend to require the use of the same PHY and MAC layers across network slices. This approach has not considered the scenarios where different slices require different PHY and MAC layers, for instance, for radically different services and for whole-stack research in wireless living labs where novel PHY and MAC layers need to be deployed concurrently …
University of Swabi（斯瓦比大学）；Northumbria University（诺森比亚大学）；University of Hull（赫尔大学）；Institute of Management Sciences（管理科学学院）；Instituto De Telecomunicaces（电信研究所）
In the current era, the next-generation networks like 5th generation (5G) and 6th generation (6G) networks require high security, low latency with a high reliable standards and capacity. In these networks, reconfigurable wireless network slicing is considered as one of the key elements for 5G and 6G networks. A reconfigurable slicing allows the operators to run various instances of the network using a single infrastructure for a better quality of services (QoS). The QoS can be achieved by reconfiguring and optimizing these networks using Artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms.…
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are extensively used in monitoring applications such as humidity and temperature sensing in smart buildings, industrial automation, and predicting crop health. Sensor nodes are deployed in remote places to sense the data information from the environment and to transmit the sensing data to the Base Station (BS). When a sensor is drained of energy, it can no longer achieve its role without a substituted source of energy. However, limited energy in a sensor's battery prevents the long-term process in such applications. In addition, replacing the sensors' batteries …
A sophisticated and efficient network slicing architecture is needed to support the orchestration of network slices across multiple administrative domains. Such multi-domain architecture shall be agnostic of the underlying virtualization and network infrastructure technologies. Its objective is to extend the traditional orchestration, management and control capabilities by means of models and constructs in order to form a well-stitched composition of network slices. To facilitate such composition of networking and compute/storage resources, this paper introduces a management and orchestration …
With the fast development of high-speed railway (HSR), the demand for mobile communication on high-speed trains is increasingly growing. This leads to significant attention on the study of resource management in HSR wireless communications with limited bandwidth. Resource management is a challenging problem due to heterogenous quality of service (QoS) requirements and dynamic characteristics of HSR wireless communications. In this article, we first provide a state-of-the-art overview on HSR wireless communications and the existing resource management schemes. Then a location-aware cross-layer …
Next generation wireless networks are expected to support diverse vertical industries and offer countless emerging use cases. To satisfy stringent requirements of diversified services, network slicing is developed, which enables service-oriented resource allocation by tailoring the infrastructure network into multiple logical networks. However, there are still some challenges in cross-domain multi-dimensional resource management for end-to-end (E2E) slices under the dynamic and uncertain environment. Trading off the revenue and cost of resource allocation while guaranteeing service quality is …
Privacy-Aware Agent Collaboration for Dynamic VR Slice Management in 6G SD-RAN
CCAS Department, School of Engineering, NewGiza University (NGU)（计算机与软件工程学院，新吉扎大学）；Electronics and Communications, Helwan Univ. Cairo, Egypt（电子与通信，开罗海威大学，埃及）
Extreme events and disasters resulting from climate change or other ecological factors are difficult to predict and manage. Current limitations of state-of-the-art approaches to disaster prediction and management could be addressed by adopting new unorthodox risk assessment and management strategies. The next generation Internet of Things (IoT), Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), 5G wireless communication, and big data analytics technologies are the key enablers for future effective disaster management infrastructures. In this chapter, we commissioned a survey on emerging wireless communication …
The growing concerns of a global environmental change raises a revolution on the way of utilizing energy. In wireless industry, green wireless communications has recently gained increasing attention and is expected to play a major role in reduction of electrical power consumption. In particular, actions to promote energy saving of wireless communications with regard to environmental protection are becoming imperative. To this purpose, we study a green communication system model where wireless base station is provisioned with a combination of renewable power source and electrical grid to minimi…
Network slicing is a crucial part of the 5G networks that communication service providers (CSPs) seek to deploy. By exploiting three main enabling technologies, namely, software-defined networking (SDN), network function virtualization (NFV), and network slicing, communication services can be served to the end-users in an efficient, scalable, and flexible manner. To adopt these technologies, what is highly important is how to allocate the resources and admit the customers of the CSPs based on the predefined criteria and available resources. In this regard, we propose a novel joint resource and…
Radio Frequency (RF) Energy Harvesting holds a promising future for generating a small amount of electrical power to drive partial circuits in wirelessly communicating electronics devices. Reducing power consumption has become a major challenge in wireless sensor networks. As a vital factor affecting system cost and lifetime, energy consumption in wireless sensor networks is an emerging and active research area. This chapter presents a practical approach for RF Energy harvesting and management of the harvested and available energy for wireless sensor networks using the Improved Energy Efficien…
Context management strategies in wireless technology are dependent upon the collection of accurate information from the individual nodes. This information (called context information) can be exploited by administrators or automated systems in order to decide on specific management concerns. While traditional approaches for fixed networks are more or less centralized, more complex management strategies have been proposed for wireless networks, such as hierarchical, fully distributed and hybrid ones. The reason for the introduction of new strategies is based on the dynamic and unpredictable natu…
Wireless network slicing (i.e., network virtualization) is one of the potential technologies for addressing the issue of rapidly growing demand in mobile data services related to 5G cellular networks. It logically decouples the current cellular networks into two entities; infrastructure providers (InPs) and mobile virtual network operators (MVNOs). The resources of base stations (e.g., resource blocks, transmission power, antennas) which are owned by the InP are shared to multiple MVNOs who need resources for their mobile users. Specifically, the physical resources of an InP are abstracted int…
One of the features of the Next Generation Wireless Networks (NGWNs) is its heterogeneous communication environment. Heterogeneous networks are ranging from wireless WAN, LAN, MAN and PAN. The most important parameters in this regard are different data rates and coverage of these networks. In this paper, we propose an evolvable fuzzy logic-based algorithm for managing handover process in heterogeneous wireless networks. We use fuzzy logic system to determine the right time of initiating the handoff procedure and utilize Genetic Algorithm (GA) to predict the best form of rules of the fuzzy modu…
In this paper we design and implement a resource management scheme based on cooperative association, where the STAs can share useful information in order to improve the performance of the association/handoff procedures. The cooperative association mechanism is inspired by the rapidly designed cooperative protocols in the field of wireless networks. Furthermore, we introduce a load balancing mechanism that operates in a cross-layer manner taking into account uplink and downlink channel conditions, routing performance and congestion control. The iterative heuristic algorithms that we propose, co…
5G and edge computing will serve various emerging use cases that have diverse requirements of multiple resources, e.g., radio, transportation, and computing. Network slicing is a promising technology for creating virtual networks that can be customized according to the requirements of different use cases. Provisioning network slices requires end-to-end resource orchestration which is challenging. In this paper, we design a decentralized resource orchestration system named EdgeSlice for dynamic end-to-end network slicing. EdgeSlice introduces a new decentralized deep reinforcement learning (D-D…
In the recent evolution of wireless technologies, the power management has been a worrying factor. In order to overcome the power shortage, steps are taken to find new kind of energy harvesting methods, power attenuation reduction methods and power saving techniques. Wireless routers even though consume not much of power, battery powered devices require a lot. Omni directional antenna embedded with multiple antennae focusing the beam of radio wave signals in the direction of nodes with least transmission angle can be a solution for this problem which is called as "Smart Antenna". To reduce pow…
This paper describes the design of a control and management network (orderwire) for a mobile wireless Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) network. This mobile wireless ATM network is part of the Rapidly Deployable Radio Network (RDRN). The orderwire system consists of a packet radio network which overlays the mobile wireless ATM network, each network element in this network uses Global Positioning System (GPS) information to control a beamforming antenna subsystem which provides for spatial reuse. This paper also proposes a novel Virtual Network Configuration (VNC) algorithm for predictive networ…
Live virtual machine migration aims at enabling the dynamic balanced use of the networking/computing physical resources of virtualized data-centers, so to lead to reduced energy consumption. Here, we analytically characterize, prototype in software and test an optimal bandwidth manager for live migration of VMs in wireless channel. In this paper we present the optimal tunable-complexity bandwidth manager (TCBM) for the QoS live migration of VMs under a wireless channel from smartphone to access point. The goal is the minimization of the migration-induced communication energy under service leve…
We are interested in unicast traffic over wireless networks that employ constructive inter-session network coding, including single-hop and multi-hop schemes. In this setting, TCP flows do not fully exploit the network coding opportunities due to their bursty behavior and due to the fact that TCP is agnostic to the underlying network coding. In order to improve the performance of TCP flows over coded wireless networks, we take the following steps. First, we formulate the problem as network utility maximization and we present a distributed solution. Second, mimicking the structure of the optima…
In 802.11 wireless infrastructure networks, as the mobile node moves from one access point to another, the active connections will not be badly dropped if the handoff is smooth and if there are sufficient resources reserved in the target access point. In a 5x5 grid of access points, within a 6x6 grid of regions, by location tracking and data mining, we predict the mobility pattern of mobile node with good accuracy. The pre-scanning of mobile nodes, along with pre-authenticating neighbouring access points and pre-reassociation is used to reduce the scan delay, authentication delay and re-associ…
In this paper, we investigate the delay-aware dynamic resource management problem for multi-service transmission in high-speed railway wireless communications, with a focus on resource allocation among the services and power control along the time. By taking account of average delay requirements and power constraints, the considered problem is formulated into a stochastic optimization problem, rather than pursuing the traditional convex optimization means. Inspired by Lyapunov optimization theory, the intractable stochastic optimization problem is transformed into a tractable deterministic opt…
OWL University of Applied Sciences（东威斯特伐利亚应用科学大学）；Institute of Industrial Information Technologies（工业信息技术研究所）
In industrial environments, an increasing amount of wireless devices are used, which utilize license-free bands. As a consequence of these mutual interferences of wireless systems might decrease the state of coexistence. Therefore, a central coexistence management system is needed, which allocates conflict-free resources to wireless systems. To ensure a conflict-free resource utilization, it is useful to predict the prospective medium utilization before resources are allocated. This paper presents a self-learning concept, which is based on reinforcement learning. A simulative evaluation of rei…
This paper describes the work that has been done in the design and development of a wireless OBD II fleet management system. The system aims to measure speed, distance and fuel consumption of vehicles for tracking and analysis purposes. An OBD II reader is designed to measure speed and mass air flow, from which distance and fuel consumption are also computed. This data is then transmitted via WiFi to a remote server. The system also implements GPS tracking to determine the location of the vehicle. A database management system is implemented at the remote server for the storage and management o…
Network slicing has been introduced in 5G/6G networks to address the challenge of providing new services with different and sometimes conflicting requirements. With SDN and NFV technologies being used in the design of 5G and 6G wireless network slicing, as well as the centralization of control over these technologies, new services such as resource calendaring can also be used in wireless networks. In bandwidth calendaring, traffic with a low latency sensitivity and a high volume is shifted to later time slots so that applications with a high latency sensitivity can be served instead. We discus…
Provisioning of Quality of Service (QoS) is the key concern for Radio Resource Management now-a-days. In this paper, an efficient dynamic channel borrowing architecture has been proposed that ensures better QoS. The proposed scheme lessens the problem of excessive overall call blocking probability without sacrificing bandwidth utilization. If a channel is borrowed from adjacent cells and causing interference, we also propose architecture that diminishes the interference problem. The numerical results show comparison between the proposed scheme and the conventional scheme before channel borrowi…
Mobile edge computing (MEC) has attracted great interests as a promising approach to augment computational capabilities of mobile devices. An important issue in the MEC paradigm is computation offloading. In this paper, we propose an integrated framework for computation offloading and interference management in wireless cellular networks with mobile edge computing. In this integrated framework, the MEC server makes the offloading decision according to the local computation overhead estimated by all user equipments (UEs) and the offloading overhead estimated by the MEC server itself. Then, the …
This paper presents a comprehensive literature review on applications of economic and pricing theory for resource management in the evolving fifth generation (5G) wireless networks. The 5G wireless networks are envisioned to overcome existing limitations of cellular networks in terms of data rate, capacity, latency, energy efficiency, spectrum efficiency, coverage, reliability, and cost per information transfer. To achieve the goals, the 5G systems will adopt emerging technologies such as massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO), mmWave communications, and dense Heterogeneous Networks (He…
Next generation wireless architectures are expected to enable slices of shared wireless infrastructure which are customized to specific mobile operators/services. Given infrastructure costs and the stochastic nature of mobile services' spatial loads, it is highly desirable to achieve efficient statistical multiplexing amongst such slices. We study a simple dynamic resource sharing policy which allocates a 'share' of a pool of (distributed) resources to each slice-Share Constrained Proportionally Fair (SCPF). We give a characterization of SCPF's performance gains over static slicing and general…
Virtual reality (VR) enables mobile wireless users to experience multimodal perceptions in a virtual space. In this paper we investigate the problem of concurrent support of visual and haptic perceptions over wireless cellular networks, with a focus on the downlink transmission phase. While the visual perception requires moderate reliability and maximized rate, the haptic perception requires fixed rate and high reliability. Hence, the visuo-haptic VR traffic necessitates the use of two different network slices: enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) for visual perception and ultra-reliable and low l…
The emerging feature of network slicing in future Fifth Generation (5G) networks calls for efficient slice management. Recent studies have been focusing on the mechanism of slice admission control, which functions in a manner of state machine. This paper proposes a general state model for synchronous slice admission control, and proves it to be Markovian under a set of weak constraints. An analytical approximation of the state transition matrix to reduce computational complexity in practical applications is also proposed and evaluated.
We propose a simple timed broadcasting process calculus for modelling wireless network protocols. The operational semantics of our calculus is given in terms of a labelled transition semantics which is used to derive a standard (weak) bi-simulation theory. Based on our simulation theory, we reformulate Gorrieri and Martinelli's timed Generalized Non-Deducibility on Compositions (tGNDC) scheme, a well-known general framework for the definition of timed properties of security protocols. We use tGNDC to perform a semantic analysis of three well-known key management protocols for wireless sensor n…
Network slicing is an emerging technique for providing resources to diverse wireless services with heterogeneous quality-of-service needs. However, beyond satisfying end-to-end requirements of network users, network slicing needs to also provide isolation between slices so as to prevent one slice's faults and congestion from affecting other slices. In this paper, the problem of network slicing is studied in the context of a wireless system having a time-varying number of users that require two types of slices: reliable low latency (RLL) and self-managed (capacity limited) slices. To address th…
This study presents the design of the hybrid wireless virtualization HWV controller based network architecture. Using a HWV controller, an unified approach can be taken for provisioning and management of virtualized heterogeneous radios, irrespective of their MAC and PHY layer mechanisms. It is shown that the airtime occupancy by transmissions from different slices or groups can be used as a single metric for tying these virtualized platforms. The HWV controller can account and dynamically reprovision slice quotas, which can be used for maximizing the revenue of the network operator or aggrega…
The field of wireless networks has been rapidly developed during the past decade due to the increasing popularity of the mobile devices. The great demand for mobility and connectivity makes wireless networking a field whose continuous technological development is very important as new challenges and issues are arising. Many scientists and researchers are currently engaged in developing new approaches and optimization methods in several topics of wireless networking. This survey paper study works from the following topics: Cognitive Radio Networks, Interactive Broadcasting, Energy Efficient Net…
End-to-End (E2E) network slicing enables wireless networks to provide diverse services on a common infrastructure. Each E2E slice, including resources of radio access network (RAN) and core network, is rented to mobile virtual network operators (MVNOs) to provide a specific service to end-users. RAN slicing, which is realized through wireless network virtualization, involves sharing the frequency spectrum and base station antennas in RAN. Similarly, in core slicing, which is achieved by network function virtualization, data center resources such as commodity servers and physical links are shar…
Wireless sensor/actuator networks (WSANs) are emerging rapidly as a new generation of sensor networks. Despite intensive research in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), limited work has been found in the open literature in the field of WSANs. In particular, quality-of-service (QoS) management in WSANs remains an important issue yet to be investigated. As an attempt in this direction, this paper develops a fuzzy logic control based QoS management (FLC-QM) scheme for WSANs with constrained resources and in dynamic and unpredictable environments. Taking advantage of the feedback control technology, …
Regulatory radio spectrum management is evolving from traditional static frequency allocation and assignment schemes towards dynamic spectrum management and access schemes. This evolution is necessitated by a number of factors including underutilization of licensed spectrum bands, changing market and technological developments and increased demand for spectrum for emerging applications in multimedia communications, internet-of-things and fifth generation (5G) wireless networks. In simple terms dynamic spectrum management involves allowing unlicensed users known as secondary users (SUs) to acce…
