Edmond Becquerel的彩色照相过程包括一个Ag/AgCl-based感光层
Edmond Becquerel's colour photographic process involves a Ag/AgCl-based sensitized layer
摘要：
1848年，埃德蒙·贝克勒尔发明了第一种彩色照相方法。他制作的“光致变色图像”提出了几个问题，其中包括感光层的光致变色性质。在这里，我们提出了在银板或银箔的表面根据贝克勒尔的过程，其中十九$^{\text{th}}$世纪的科学家称为“银光氯化物”的敏化层的第一个表征。它是由银纳米粒子分散在微米氯化银颗粒基质。因此，它是类似于广泛研究的Ag/AgCl复合材料，这表明这些光催化剂的新的合成路线。敏化层的化学组成已被确定由互补光谱（EDX，XPS，HAXPES和EXAFS），而其形态已通过电子显微镜（SEM和STEM）进行了研究。这些技术涉及X射线或电子束，它们会对氯化银基感光层产生影响;因此，本文的大部分内容介绍了对束效应以及减少束效应的方法的研究。
英文摘要：
Edmond Becquerel invented in 1848 the first colour photographic process. The "photochromatic images" he produced raised several questions, among which the photochromic nature of the sensitized layer. Here, we present the first characterization of the sensitized layer created at the surface of a silver plate or a silver foil according to Becquerel's process, which XIX$^{\text{th}}$ century scientists called "silver photochloride". It is constituted by silver nanoparticles dispersed in a micrometric silver chloride grains matrix. It is thus similar to the widely studied Ag/AgCl composites, which suggests new synthesis routes for these photocatalysts. The chemical composition of the sensitized layer has been identified by complementary spectroscopies (EDX, XPS, HAXPES and EXAFS), while its morphology has been studied by electron microscopies (SEM and STEM). These techniques involve X-ray or electron beams, which can have an impact on the silver chloride-based sensitized layer; a large part of this article hence introduces a study of the beam effects and of the way of reducing them.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
