通过空中智能反射面实现全景全角度反射
Enabling Panoramic Full-Angle Reflection via Aerial Intelligent Reflecting Surface
摘要：
提出了一种利用空中智能反射面（AIRS）实现空中全景信号反射的新型三维组网架构。与传统的地面IRS相比，AIRS不仅具有更高的部署灵活性，而且能够实现360 $^\circ$全景全角度反射，由于其与地面节点具有视距（LoS）链路的可能性更高，因此通常需要更少的反射。我们专注于问题，以最大限度地提高最坏情况下的信号噪声比（SNR）在一个给定的覆盖范围内，通过联合优化发射波束形成，AIRS的位置和相移。制定的问题是非凸的，优化变量相互耦合在一个复杂的方式。为了解决这个问题，我们首先考虑单位置SNR最大化的特殊情况，以获得有用的见解，其中最优解以封闭形式获得。然后，对于一般情况下的区域覆盖，一个有效的次优解决方案，提出了利用IRS和模拟波束形成的传统相控阵的相移优化之间的相似性。数值结果表明，所提出的设计可以实现显着的性能增益比启发式AIRS部署计划。
英文摘要：
This paper proposes a new three dimensional (3D) networking architecture enabled by aerial intelligent reflecting surface (AIRS) to achieve panoramic signal reflection from the sky. Compared to the conventional terrestrial IRS, AIRS not only enjoys higher deployment flexibility, but also is able to achieve 360$^\circ$ panoramic full-angle reflection and requires fewer reflections in general due to its higher likelihood of having line of sight (LoS) links with the ground nodes. We focus on the problem to maximize the worst-case signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in a given coverage area by jointly optimizing the transmit beamforming, AIRS placement and phase shifts. The formulated problem is non-convex and the optimization variables are coupled with each other in an intricate manner. To tackle this problem, we first consider the special case of single-location SNR maximization to gain useful insights, for which the optimal solution is obtained in closed-form. Then for the general case of area coverage, an efficient suboptimal solution is proposed by exploiting the similarity between phase shifts optimization for IRS and analog beamforming for the conventional phase array. Numerical results show that the proposed design can achieve significant performance gain than heuristic AIRS deployment schemes.
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