Fastest Frozen Temperature for a Thermodynamic System

玻璃的残余熵与第三定律表达式

Residual Entropy of Glasses and the Third Law Expression

本文通过重新定义平衡态和热力学坐标，解决了玻璃中残余熵与第三定律矛盾的问题，并推导出第三定律的严格表达式。

Dynamics and Thermodynamics of the Glass Transition

The principal theme of this paper is that anomalously slow, super-Arrhenius relaxations in glassy materials may be activated processes involving chains of molecular displacements. As pointed out in a preceding paper with A. Lemaitre, the entropy of critically long excitation chains can enable them to grow without bound, thus activating stable thermal fluctuations in the local density or molecular coordination of the material. I argue here that the intrinsic molecular-scale disorder in a glass plays an essential role in determining the activation rate for such chains, and show that a simple dis…

Applicability of the Linear delta Expansion for the lambda phi^4 Field Theory at Finite Temperature in the Symmetric and Broken Phases

The thermodynamics of a scalar field with a quartic interaction is studied within the linear delta expansion (LDE) method. Using the imaginary-time formalism the free energy is evaluated up to second order in the LDE. The method generates nonperturbative results that are then used to obtain thermodynamic quantities like the pressure. The phase transition pattern of the model is fully studied, from the broken to the symmetry restored phase. The results are compared with those obtained with other nonperturbative methods and also with ordinary perturbation theory. The results coming from the two …

Equilibrium phase diagram of a randomly pinned glass-former

We use computer simulations to study the thermodynamic properties of a glass former in which a fraction $c$ of the particles has been permanently frozen. By thermodynamic integration, we determine the Kauzmann, or ideal glass transition, temperature $T_K(c)$ at which the configurational entropy vanishes. This is done without resorting to any kind of extrapolation, {\it i.e.}, $T_K(c)$ is indeed an equilibrium property of the system. We also measure the distribution function of the overlap, {\it i.e.}, the order parameter that signals the glass state. We find that the transition line obtained f…

可区分氦-4的两种液态：另一种通过加热冻结的非超流态的存在

Two liquid states of distinguishable helium-4: the existence of another non-superfluid frozen by heating

通过路径积分质心分子动力学模拟发现可区分氦-4存在两种液态，揭示了核量子效应诱导的量子液态多形性，并发现高量子色散液可通过加热冻结。

Adaptive Elastic Networks as models of supercooled liquids

The thermodynamics and dynamics of supercooled liquids correlate with their elasticity. In particular for covalent networks, the jump of specific heat is small and the liquid is {\it strong} near the threshold valence where the network acquires rigidity. By contrast, the jump of specific heat and the fragility are large away from this threshold valence. In a previous work [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 110, 6307 (2013)], we could explain these behaviors by introducing a model of supercooled liquids in which local rearrangements interact via elasticity. However, in that model the disorder char…

Zero temperature coarsening in Ising model with asymmetric second neighbour interaction in two dimensions

We consider the zero temperature coarsening in the Ising model in two dimensions where the spins interact within the Moore neighbourhood. The Hamiltonian is given by $H = - \sum_{<i,j>}{S_iS_j} - κ\sum_{<i,j'>}{S_iS_{j'}}$ where the two terms are for the first neighbours and second neighbours respectively and $κ\geq 0$. The freezing phenomena, already noted in two dimensions for $κ=0$, is seen to be present for any $κ$. However, the frozen states show more complicated structure as $κ$ is increased; e.g. local anti-ferromagnetic motifs can exist for $κ>2$. Finite sized systems also show the exi…