Short-range audio channels have a few distinguishing characteristics: ease of use, low deployment costs, and easy to tune frequencies, to cite a few. Moreover, thanks to their seamless adaptability to the security context, many techniques and tools based on audio signals have been recently proposed. However, while the most promising solutions are turning into valuable commercial products, acoustic channels are increasingly used also to launch attacks against systems and devices, leading to security concerns that could thwart their adoption. To provide a rigorous, scientific, security-oriented review of the field, in this paper we survey and classify methods, applications, and use-cases rooted on short-range audio channels for the provisioning of security services---including Two-Factor Authentication techniques, pairing solutions, device authorization strategies, defense methodologies, and attack schemes. Moreover, we also point out the strengths and weaknesses deriving from the use of short-range audio channels. Finally, we provide open research issues in the context of short-range audio channels security, calling for contributions from both academia and industry.
ALMGuard: Safety Shortcuts and Where to Find Them as Guardrails for Audio-Language Models
Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications（北京邮电大学）；National University of Singapore（新加坡国立大学）；CSIRO’s Data61（CSIRO数据61）；Responsible AI Research (RAIR) Centre, The University of Adelaide（负责任人工智能研究（RAIR）中心，阿德莱德大学）；Tsinghua University（清华大学）
Multi-factor Physical Layer Security Authentication in Short Blocklength Communication
最近吸引了大量关注的物理层处的轻量且低延迟的安全方案包括：（i）物理不可克隆功能（PUF），（ii）基于本地化的认证，以及（iii）根据无线衰落系数的秘密密钥生成（SKG）。在本文中，我们专注于短块长度，并提出了一个快速，隐私保护，多因素认证协议，独特地结合了PUF，邻近估计和SKG。我们专注于延迟受限的应用程序，并证明了SKG计划在短块长度的性能，通过提供一个数值比较的三个家庭的信道码，包括半速率低密度奇偶检验码（LDPC），Bose Chaudhuri Hocquenghem（BCH），和，极性Slepian狼码n=512，1024。SKG密钥被合并到零往返时间恢复协议中，用于快速重新认证。通过Burrows，Abadi and Needham（BAN）和Mao and Boyd（MB）逻辑以及Tamarin-prover的形式化证明，证明了所提出的相互认证协议的所有方案都是安全的.
