We give a geometric interpretation of color-kinematics duality between tree-level scattering amplitudes of gauge and gravity theories. Using their representation as intersection numbers we show how to obtain Bern-Carrasco-Johansson numerators in a constructive way as residues around boundaries of the moduli space. In this language the kinematic Jacobi identity between each triple of numerators is a residue theorem in disguise.
We prove that the Jacobi identity for the generalized Poisson bracket is satisfied in the generalization of Heisenberg picture quantum mechanics recently proposed by one of us (SLA). The identity holds for any combination of fermionic and bosonic fields, and requires no assumptions about their mutual commutativity.
We show the equivalence of several different tests of the Jacobi identity for celestial currents at tree level, in particular finding a simple, practical condition on hard momentum space 4-point amplitudes in any EFT. Along the way we clarify the role of the order of soft and collinear limits in obstructing Jacobi for soft insertions and we argue that, despite their current-algebra-like properties, soft insertions as formulated in this paper cannot be interpreted as local operators in celestial conformal field theory.
It was proved by Macdonald that the Giambelli identity holds if we define the Schur functions using the Jacobi-Trudi identity. Previously for the super Chern-Simons matrix model (the spherical one-point function of the superconformal Chern-Simons theory describing the worldvolume of the M2-branes) the Giambelli identity was proved from a shifted version of it. With the same shifted Giambelli identity we can further prove the Jacobi-Trudi identity, which strongly suggests an integrable structure for this matrix model.
In view of the recent interest in a short proof of the Jacobi identity for the Poisson-brackets, we provide an alternative simple proof for the same. Our derivation is based on the validity of the Leibnitz rule in the context of dynamical evolution.
For redundant second-class constraints the Dirac brackets cannot be defined and new brackets must be introduced. We prove here that the Jacobi identity for the new brackets must hold on the surface of the second-class constraints. In order to illustrate our proof we work out explicitly the cases of a fractional spin particle in 2+1 dimensions and the original Brink-Schwarz massless superparticle in D=10 dimensions in a Lorentz covariant constraints separation.
We prove a generalized rationality property and a new identity that we call the ``Jacobi identity'' for intertwining operator algebras. Most of the main properties of genus-zero conformal field theories, including the main properties of vertex operator algebras, modules, intertwining operators, Verlinde algebras, and fusing and braiding matrices, are incorporated into this identity. Together with associativity and commutativity for intertwining operators proved by the author in \cite{H2} and \cite{H3}, the results of the present paper solve completely the problem of finding a natural purely al…
We prove an $S_{3}$-symmetry of the Jacobi identity for intertwining operator algebras. Since this Jacobi identity involves the braiding and fusing isomorphisms satisfying the genus-zero Moore-Seiberg equations, our proof uses not only the basic properties of intertwining operators, but also the properties of braiding and fusing isomorphisms and the genus-zero Moore-Seiberg equations. Our proof depends heavily on the theory of multivalued analytic functions of several variables, especially the theory of analytic extensions.
We explain how to use a certain new "Jacobi identity" for vertex operator algebras, announced in a previous paper (math.QA/9909178), to interpret and generalize recent work of S. Bloch's relating values of the Riemann zeta function at negative integers with a certain Lie algebra of operators.
This short note contains an explicit proof of the Jacobi identity for variational Schouten bracket in $Z_2$-graded commutative setup. For the reasoning to be rigorous, it refers to the product bundle geometry of iterated variations (see arXiv:1312.1262 [math-ph]); no ad hoc regularizations occur anywhere in this theory.
We introduce two remarkable identities written in terms of single commutators and anticommutators for any three elements of arbitrary associative algebra. One is a consequence of other (fundamental identity). From the fundamental identity, we derive a set of four identities (one of which is the Jacobi identity) represented in terms of double commutators and anticommutators. We establish that two of the four identities are independent and show that if the fundamental identity holds for an algebra, then the multiplication operation in that algebra is associative. We find a generalization of the …
Infrared equations and dual conformal constraints arise as consistency conditions on loop amplitudes in N=4 super Yang-Mills theory. These conditions are linear relations between leading singularities, which can be computed in the Grassmannian formulation of N=4 super Yang-Mills theory proposed recently. Examples for infrared equations have been shown to be implied by global residue theorems in the Grassmannian picture. Both dual conformal constraints and infrared equations are mapped explicitly to global residue theorems for one-loop next-to-maximally-helicity-violating amplitudes. In additio…
Classical electromagnetism with magnetic monopoles is not a Hamiltonian field theory because the Jacobi identity for the Poisson bracket fails. The Jacobi identity is recovered only if all of the species have the same ratio of electric to magnetic charge or if an electron and a monopole can never collide. Without the Jacobi identity, there are no local canonical coordinates or Lagrangian action principle. To build a quantum theory of magnetic monopoles, we either must explain why the positions of electrons and monopoles can never coincide or we must resort to new quantization techniques.
Anomalous contributions to the Jacobi identity of chromo-electric fields and non-Abelian vector currents are calculated using a non-perturbative approach that combines operator product expansion and a generalization of Bjorken-Johnson-Low limit. The failure of the Jacobi identity and the associated 3-cocycles are discussed.
Using the pure spinor master action for 10D super-Yang-Mills in the gauge $b_{0}V = QΞ$, tree-level scattering amplitudes are calculated through the perturbiner method, and shown to match those obtained from pure spinor CFT techniques. We find kinematic numerators made of nested $b$-ghost operators, and show that the Siegel gauge condition $b_{0}V = 0$ gives rise to color-kinematics duality satisfying numerators whose Jacobi identity follows from the Jacobi identity of a kinematic algebra.
We study the uniqueness of higher-spin algebras which are at the core of higher-spin theories in AdS and of CFTs with exact higher-spin symmetry, i.e. conserved tensors of rank greater than two. The Jacobi identity for the gauge algebra is the simplest consistency test that appears at the quartic order for a gauge theory. Similarly, the algebra of charges in a CFT must also obey the Jacobi identity. These algebras are essentially the same. Solving the Jacobi identity under some simplifying assumptions spelled out, we obtain that the Eastwood-Vasiliev algebra is the unique solution for d=4 and …
We calculate within an algebraic Bjorken-Johnson-Low (BJL) method anomalous Schwinger terms of fermionic currents and the Gauss law operator in chiral gauge theories. The current algebra is known to violate the Jacobi identity in an iterative computation. Our method takes the subtleties of the equal-time limit into account and leads to an algebra that fulfills the Jacobi identity. The non-iterative terms appearing in the double commutators can be traced back directly to the projective representation of the gauge group.
One important discovery in recent years is that the total amplitude of gauge theory can be written as BCJ form where kinematic numerators satisfy Jacobi identity. Although the existence of such kinematic numerators is no doubt, the simple and explicit construction is still an important problem. As a small step, in this note we provide an algebraic approach to construct these kinematic numerators. Under our Feynman-diagram-like construction, the Jacobi identity is manifestly satisfied. The corresponding color ordered amplitudes satisfy off-shell KK-relation and off-shell BCJ relation similar to…
In a program to formulate and develop two-dimensional conformal field theory in the framework of algebraic geometry, Beilinson and Drinfeld have recently given a notion of ``chiral algebra'' in terms of D-modules on algebraic curves. This definition consists of a ``skew-symmetry'' relation and a ``Jacobi identity'' relation in a categorical setting. In this paper, we show directly that these chiral algebras are essentially the same as vertex algebras without vacuum vector (and without grading), by establishing an equivalence between the skew-symmetry and Jacobi identity relations of Beilinson-…
Colour-kinematics duality suggests that Yang-Mills (YM) theory possesses some hidden Lie algebraic structure. So far this structure has resisted understanding, apart from some progress in the self-dual sector. We show that there is indeed a Lie algebra behind the YM Feynman rules. The Lie algebra we uncover is the Drinfeld double of the Lie algebra of vector fields. More specifically, we show that the kinematic numerators following from the YM Feynman rules satisfy a version of the Jacobi identity, in that the Jacobiator of the bracket defined by the YM cubic vertex is cancelled by the contrib…
We explore a Pluecker-type relation which occurs naturally in the study of maximally supersymmetric solutions of certain supergravity theories. This relation generalises at the same time the classical Pluecker relation and the Jacobi identity for a metric Lie algebra and coincides with the Jacobi identity of a metric n-Lie algebra. In low dimension we present evidence for a geometric characterisation of the relation in terms of middle-dimensional orthogonal planes in euclidean or lorentzian inner product spaces.
