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arXiv 1910.04097astro-ph.HE
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GeV/TeV-detected伽马射线暴早期X射线余辉中不太明显的浅衰变相

Less noticeable shallow decay phase in early X-ray afterglows of GeV/TeV-detected gamma-ray bursts

Ryo Yamazaki, Yuri Sato, Takanori Sakamoto, Motoko Serino

摘要:

伽马射线暴(GRB)的X射线余辉中浅衰变相的性质还没有弄清楚。分析了26个伽玛暴的早期X射线余辉数据,这些余辉是由Swift天文台的Burst Alert望远镜触发的,随后被Fermi大面积望远镜(LAT)和/或成像大气切伦科夫望远镜探测到。发现9个事件(包括3个甚高能γ射线事件中的2个)没有浅衰变相,其X射线余辉光变曲线除后期的喷流破裂外,均符合单次幂律模型。其余事件均符合双幂律模型,在早期(ks附近)有一个破裂,但有8个事件(包括一个甚高能伽马射线事件)的破裂前衰变指数大于0.7。我们还分析了未经LAT探测的伽玛暴的X射线余辉数据,并将其衰变特性与高能和甚高能伽玛射线事件的衰变特性进行了比较。结果表明,对于GeV/TeV暴,其X射线余辉符合单次幂律的事件比例明显大于非GeV/TeV暴.即使GeV/TeV伽玛暴具有浅衰变相,其衰变斜率也比非GeV/TeV伽玛暴陡,即在早期的X射线余辉中浅衰变相较不明显。一个可能的解释与能量注入模型进行了简要讨论。

英文摘要:

The nature of the shallow decay phase in the X-ray afterglow of the gamma-ray burst (GRB) is not yet clarified. We analyze the data of early X-ray afterglows of 26 GRBs triggered by Burst Alert Telescope onboard Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory and subsequently detected by Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) and/or Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes. It is found that 9 events (including 2 out of 3 very-high-energy gamma-ray events) have no shallow decay phase and that their X-ray afterglow light curves are well described by single power-law model except for the jet break at later epoch. The rest are fitted by double power-law model and have a break in the early epoch (around ks), however, 8 events (including a very-high-energy gamma-ray event) have the pre-break decay index larger than 0.7. We also analyze the data of well-sampled X-ray afterglows of GRBs without LAT detection, and compare their decay properties with those of high-energy and very-high-energy gamma-ray events. It is found that for the GeV/TeV bursts, the fraction of events whose X-ray afterglows are described by single power-law is significantly larger than those for non GeV/TeV GRBs. Even if the GeV/TeV GRBs have shallow decay phase, their decay slope tends to be steeper than non GeV/TeV bursts, that is, they have less noticeable shallow decay phase in the early X-ray afterglow. A possible interpretation along with the energy injection model is briefly discussed.

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