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arXiv 1910.03357astro-ph.GA
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大质量恒星形成区的三角视差:我们对Milky Way的看法

Trigonometric Parallaxes Of High-Mass Star Forming Regions: Our View Of The Milky Way

M. J. Reid, K. M. Menten, A. Brunthaler, X. W. Zheng, T. M. Dame, Y. Xu, J. Li, N. Sakai, Y. Wu, K. Immer, B. Zhang, A. Sanna, L. Moscadelli, K. L. J. Rygl, A. … 展开作者

M. J. Reid, K. M. Menten, A. Brunthaler, X. W. Zheng, T. M. Dame, Y. Xu, J. Li, N. Sakai, Y. Wu, K. Immer, B. Zhang, A. Sanna, L. Moscadelli, K. L. J. Rygl, A. Bartkiewicz, B. Hu, L. H. Quiroga-Nunez, H. J. van Langevelde

摘要:

我们编译并分析了约200个与非常年轻的大质量恒星有关的分子脉泽的三角函数和自行。这些测量结果强烈表明银河系是一个四臂螺旋。将对数周期螺旋线与脉泽的位置相匹配,使我们能够显着扩展我们对银河系结构的看法。我们提出了一个更新的模型,其螺旋结构,并将其纳入我们以前发表的基于螺旋臂的距离估计程序与螺旋臂的来源。对三维空间运动的建模得出了到银河系中心的距离Ro = 8.15 +/- 0.15 kpc,太阳位置的圆周旋转速度To = 236 +/- 7 km/s,以及旋转曲线的性质。我们的数据强烈地限制了太阳的圆周速度,To + Vsun = 247 +/- 4 km/s,以及它的角速度,(To + Vsun)/Ro = 30.32 +/- 0.27 km/s/kpc。将测得的空间运动转换到与银河系一起旋转的银河系中心坐标系,我们发现非圆形速度分量通常约为10 km/s。然而,在银河系附近的酒吧和英仙座手臂的一部分,我们发现显着更大的非圆形运动。在银河系中心7千秒差距以内的年轻大质量恒星,其标度高度只有19秒差距,因此非常适合定义银河系平面。我们发现,该平面的取向与IAU定义的平面一致,在+/-0.1度内,太阳向银河系北极偏移Zsun = 5.5 +/- 5.8 pc。考虑到这种偏移,中央的超大质量黑洞Sgr A* 位于银河系的中平面。使用我们改进的银河系参数,我们预测Hulse-Taylor双星脉冲星的距离为6.54 +/- 0.24 kpc,假设它的轨道衰减来自引力辐射遵循广义相对论。

英文摘要:

We compile and analyze ~200 trigonometric parallaxes and proper motions of molecular masers associated with very young high-mass stars. These measurements strongly suggest that the Milky Way is a four-arm spiral. Fitting log-periodic spirals to the locations of the masers, allows us to significantly expand our view of the structure of the Milky Way. We present an updated model for its spiral structure and incorporate it into our previously published parallax-based distance-estimation program for sources associated with spiral arms. Modeling the three-dimensional space motions yields estimates of the distance to the Galactic center, Ro = 8.15 +/- 0.15 kpc, the circular rotation speed at the Sun's position, To = 236 +/- 7 km/s, and the nature of the rotation curve. Our data strongly constrain the full circular velocity of the Sun, To + Vsun = 247 +/- 4 km/s, and its angular velocity, (To + Vsun)/Ro = 30.32 +/- 0.27 km/s/kpc. Transforming the measured space motions to a Galactocentric frame which rotates with the Galaxy, we find non-circular velocity components typically about 10 km/s. However, near the Galactic bar and in a portion of the Perseus arm, we find significantly larger non-circular motions. Young high-mass stars within 7 kpc of the Galactic center have a scale height of only 19 pc and, thus, are well suited to define the Galactic plane. We find that the orientation of the plane is consistent with the IAU-defined plane to within +/-0.1 deg., and that the Sun is offset toward the north Galactic pole by Zsun = 5.5 +/- 5.8 pc. Accounting for this offset places the central supermassive black hole, Sgr A*, in the midplane of the Galaxy. Using our improved Galactic parameters, we predict the Hulse-Taylor binary pulsar to be at a distance of 6.54 +/- 0.24 kpc, assuming its orbital decay from gravitational radiation follows general relativity.

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