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arXiv 1909.11345physics.opticsphysics.app-ph
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单次激发阿秒成像的宽带相干衍射

Broadband Coherent Diffraction for Single-Shot Attosecond Imaging

Julius Huijts, Sara Fernandez, David Gauthier, Maria Kholodtsova, Ahmed Maghraoui, Kadda Medjoubi, Andrea Somogyi, Willem Boutu, Hamed Merdji

摘要:

阿秒科学领域的最新进展有望在最短的空间和时间尺度上跟踪电子过程。将阿秒时间分辨率与纳米空间分辨率相结合的成像方法目前是遥不可及的。相干衍射成像是基于准单色照明的样品的衍射,其相干时间超过阿秒脉冲的持续时间。由于阿秒光谱的极其广泛的性质,需要新的成像技术。在这里,我们提出了一种方法,使相干衍射成像与宽带隔离阿秒源。该方法是基于一个数值monochromatization的宽带衍射图案的正则化反演的矩阵,它只依赖于衍射辐射的光谱。在可见光和硬X射线下的实验验证表明了该方法的适用性。由于它的通用性和易于实现的单阿秒脉冲,我们希望这种方法在未来的阿秒技术,如拍赫兹电子学,阿秒纳米磁学或阿秒能量转移找到广泛的应用。

英文摘要:

Recent advances in the field of attosecond science hold the promise of tracking electronic processes at the shortest space and time scales. Imaging methods that combine attosecond temporal with nanometer spatial resolution are currently out of reach. Coherent diffractive imaging is based on the diffraction by a sample of a quasi-monochromatic illumination with a coherence time that exceeds the duration of an attosecond pulse. Due to the extremely broad nature of attosecond spectra, novel imaging techniques are required. Here, we present an approach that enables coherent diffractive imaging with a broadband isolated attosecond source. The method is based on a numerical monochromatisation of the broadband diffraction pattern by the regularised inversion of a matrix which depends only on the spectrum of the diffracted radiation. Experimental validations in the visible and hard X-rays show the applicability of the method. Because of its generality and ease of implementation for single attosecond pulses we expect this method to find widespread applications in future attosecond technologies such as petahertz electronics, attosecond nanomagnetism or attosecond energy transfer.

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