用于心室流动模拟的超声心动图-计算流体动力学混合框架
A hybrid echocardiography-computational fluid dynamics framework for ventricular flow simulations
摘要：
基于图像的计算流体动力学（CFD）已经成为研究心血管流动的有力工具，而二维超声心动图（echo）是用于诊断心脏病的最广泛使用的非侵入性成像方式。这里，回波与CFD相结合，即，回声CFD框架，研究心室流动。为了实现这一点，我们之前在标准横截面上从多个2D回波进行的3D重建被扩展为：1）重建瓣膜2）优化表面的位置和方向，以结合固定顶点的生理假设作为重建的参考（固定）点; 3）结合几种平滑算法来消除我们先前研究中观察到的基底部分附近的非物理振荡（振铃）。重建的左心室主要参数均在生理范围内。我们的研究结果表明，二尖瓣可以显着改变流动模式的左心室内的环涡的形成/传播，以及流动循环在二尖瓣阶段。此外，不健康的左心室的异常形状可以急剧改变血流阶段的流场。此外，计算了不同测试情况下的血流动力学能量损失（作为LV泵送性能的指标），结果表明，与健康LV相比，不健康LV的能量损失更大。
英文摘要：
Image-based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has emerged as a powerful tool to study cardiovascular flows while 2D echocardiography (echo) is the most widely used non-invasive imaging modality for diagnosis of heart disease. Here, echo is combined with CFD, i.e., an echo-CFD framework, to study ventricular flows. To achieve this, our previous 3D reconstruction from multiple 2D-echo at standard cross-sections is extended by 1) reconstructing valves (aortic and mitral valves) from 2D-echo images and the superior wall; 2) optimizing the location and orientation of the surfaces to incorporate the physiological assumption of fixed apex as a reference (fixed) point for reconstruction; and 3) incorporating several smoothing algorithms to remove the nonphysical oscillations (ringing) near the basal section observed in our previous study. The main parameters of the reconstructed left ventricle (LV) are all within the physiologic range. Our results show that the mitral valve can significantly change the flow pattern inside the LV during the diastole phase in terms of ring vortex formation/propagation as well as the flow circulation. In addition, the abnormal shape of unhealthy LV can drastically change the flow field during the diastole phase. Furthermore, the hemodynamic energy loss, as an indicator of the LV pumping performance, for different test cases is calculated which shows a larger energy loss for unhealthy LV compared to the healthy one.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
