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arXiv 1909.09181cs.ITeess.SPmath.IT
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混合频率选择mmWave MIMO系统的字典学习信道估计

Dictionary Learning for Channel Estimation in Hybrid Frequency-Selective mmWave MIMO Systems

Hongxiang Xie, Javier Rodríguez-Fernández, Nuria González-Prelcic

摘要:

利用毫米波(mmWave)频率处的信道稀疏性减少了与信道估计阶段相关联的高训练开销。压缩感知(CS)信道估计技术通常采用(过完备)小波/傅立叶变换矩阵作为稀疏字典。这可能不是最好的选择时,考虑到非均匀阵列,天线增益/相位误差,互耦效应等,我们提出了两个字典学习(DL)算法学习最好的稀疏化字典的信道矩阵的观察与混合频率选择性毫米波多输入多输出(MIMO)系统。首先,我们优化组合字典,即,发送和接收字典的克罗内克积,因为它在实践中用于稀疏化信道矩阵。其次,考虑到在发射机和接收机的不同阵列结构,我们利用可分离的DL找到最佳的发送和接收字典。一旦信道被表示在优化字典方面,各种基于CS的稀疏恢复技术可以被应用于低开销信道估计。在预编码器/组合器可以被优化之前,所提出的DL算法在任何毫米波通信系统固有的低SNR条件下表现良好。所提出的DL算法的有效性已通过不同的系统配置,阵列的几何形状和硬件损伤的数值模拟得到证实。

英文摘要:

Exploiting channel sparsity at millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies reduces the high training overhead associated with the channel estimation stage. Compressive sensing (CS) channel estimation techniques usually adopt the (overcomplete) wavelet/Fourier transform matrix as a sparsifying dictionary. This may not be the best choice when considering non-uniform arrays, antenna gain/phase errors, mutual coupling effects, etc. We propose two dictionary learning (DL) algorithms to learn the best sparsifying dictionaries for channel matrices from observations obtained with hybrid frequency-selective mmWave multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems. First, we optimize the combined dictionary, i.e., the Kronecker product of transmit and receive dictionaries, as it is used in practice to sparsify the channel matrix. Second, considering the different array structures at the transmitter and receiver, we exploit separable DL to find the best transmit and receive dictionaries. Once the channel is expressed in terms of the optimized dictionaries, various CS-based sparse recovery techniques can be applied for low overhead channel estimation. The proposed DL algorithms perform well under low SNR conditions inherent to any mmWave communication systems before the precoders/combiners can be optimized. The effectiveness of the proposed DL algorithms has been corroborated via numerical simulations with different system configurations, array geometries and hardware impairments.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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