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arXiv 1909.07512cs.CL
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基于无监督关键词扩展的短文本分类

Short-Text Classification Using Unsupervised Keyword Expansion

Queen’s University(女王大学);Institute for InfoComms Research(信息通信研究所);A*STAR(新加坡科技研究局)

Duncan Cameron-Steinke

摘要:

短文本分类与所有数据科学一样,难以使用有限的数据实现高性能。作为一种解决方案,可以用新的和相关的特征词扩展短句以形成人工放大的数据集,并向测试数据添加新的特征。本文采用了一种新的文本扩展方法,直接为每个输入句子生成新词,因此不需要额外的数据集或先前的训练。在这种无监督的方法中,新的关键字在预先训练的语言模型的隐藏状态中形成,然后用于创建扩展的伪文档。通过检查预测的单词与输入句子的主题匹配程度来评估单词生成过程。实验结果表明,该方法可以为每个目标主题产生3-10个相关新词,而每个非目标主题只产生1个相关词。然后将生成的单词添加到简短的新闻标题中,以创建扩展的伪标题。实验结果表明,当限制训练样本的数量时,使用伪标题训练的模型可以提高分类精度。

英文摘要:

Short-text classification, like all data science, struggles to achieve high performance using limited data. As a solution, a short sentence may be expanded with new and relevant feature words to form an artificially enlarged dataset, and add new features to testing data. This paper applies a novel approach to text expansion by generating new words directly for each input sentence, thus requiring no additional datasets or previous training. In this unsupervised approach, new keywords are formed within the hidden states of a pre-trained language model and then used to create extended pseudo documents. The word generation process was assessed by examining how well the predicted words matched to topics of the input sentence. It was found that this method could produce 3-10 relevant new words for each target topic, while generating just 1 word related to each non-target topic. Generated words were then added to short news headlines to create extended pseudo headlines. Experimental results have shown that models trained using the pseudo headlines can improve classification accuracy when limiting the number of training examples.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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