虚拟导盲犬：视障人士的下一代行人信号
Virtual Guide Dog: Next Generation Pedestrian Signal for the Visually Impaired
摘要：
行人信号灯（APS）被提议作为一种手段，以实现与美国残疾人法案（ADA）规定的视障人士相同的服务水平。现有行人过路处自动行人过路系统的其中一个主要问题，是未能为视障人士提供足够的过路信息。本文提出了一种基于移动的APS应用程序，即虚拟导盲犬（VGD）。集成交叉口信息和车载传感器（例如，GPS、指南针、加速度计和陀螺仪传感器），VGD应用程序可以通知视力受损者：1）十字路口的接近度和2）过马路的街道信息。通过采用屏幕点击界面，VGD可以远程地向控制器发出行人过路呼叫，而不需要使用按钮。此外，VGD通过使用文本到语音技术通知VI开始交叉阶段。概念验证测试表明，VGD使用户在接近交叉口时了解剩余距离。还发现，与GPS和蜂窝定位两者联合操作的模式相比，仅GPS模式伴随有更大的距离偏差。
英文摘要：
Accessible pedestrian signal (APS) was proposed as a mean to achieve the same level of service that is set forth by the American with Disability Act (ADA) for the visually impaired. One of the major issues of existing APSs is the failure to deliver adequate crossing information for the visually impaired. This paper presents a mobile-based APS application, namely Virtual Guide Dog (VGD). Integrating intersection information and onboard sensors (e.g., GPS, compass, accelerometer, and gyroscope sensor) of modern smartphones, the VGD application can notify the visually impaired: 1) the close proximity of an intersection and 2) the street information for crossing. By employing a screen tapping interface, VGD can remotely place a pedestrian crossing call to the controller, without the need of using a push button. In addition, VGD informs VIs the start of a crossing phase by using text-to-speech technology. The proof-of-concept test shows that VGD keeps the users informed about the remaining distance as their approaching the intersection. It was also found that the GPS-only mode is accompanied by greater distance deviation compared to the mode jointly operating with both GPS and cellular positioning.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
