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arXiv 1909.06962eess.SYcs.SY
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电动自主机动按需系统的动态定价和车队管理

Dynamic Pricing and Fleet Management for Electric Autonomous Mobility on Demand Systems

Berkay Turan, Ramtin Pedarsani, Mahnoosh Alizadeh

摘要:

乘车共享系统的普及是自动驾驶和电动汽车技术进步的主要驱动力。本文考虑了联合路由,电池充电和定价问题所面临的利润最大化的运输服务提供商,经营一个车队的自动电动汽车。我们首先建立静态规划问题,考虑时不变的系统参数,并确定最优的静态策略。虽然静态策略提供了稳定的客户队列等待游乐设施,即使考虑系统动态,我们看到,它是低效的,利用静态策略,因为它可以导致客户等待时间长,利润低。为了适应出行需求、可再生能源可用性和电价的随机性,并在需要生成整数分配的情况下进一步优化管理自主车队,需要实时策略。基于系统完整状态信息执行动作的最优实时策略是复杂动态规划的解。然而,我们认为使用精确动态规划方法精确求解最优策略是很困难的,因此应用深度强化学习来开发接近最优的控制策略。我们在曼哈顿和旧金山进行的两个案例研究证明了我们的实时策略在网络稳定性和利润方面的有效性,同时保持队列长度比静态策略少200倍。

英文摘要:

The proliferation of ride sharing systems is a major drive in the advancement of autonomous and electric vehicle technologies. This paper considers the joint routing, battery charging, and pricing problem faced by a profit-maximizing transportation service provider that operates a fleet of autonomous electric vehicles. We first establish the static planning problem by considering time-invariant system parameters and determine the optimal static policy. While the static policy provides stability of customer queues waiting for rides even if consider the system dynamics, we see that it is inefficient to utilize a static policy as it can lead to long wait times for customers and low profits. To accommodate for the stochastic nature of trip demands, renewable energy availability, and electricity prices and to further optimally manage the autonomous fleet given the need to generate integer allocations, a real-time policy is required. The optimal real-time policy that executes actions based on full state information of the system is the solution of a complex dynamic program. However, we argue that it is intractable to exactly solve for the optimal policy using exact dynamic programming methods and therefore apply deep reinforcement learning to develop a near-optimal control policy. The two case studies we conducted in Manhattan and San Francisco demonstrate the efficacy of our real-time policy in terms of network stability and profits, while keeping the queue lengths up to 200 times less than the static policy.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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