arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1909.06540stat.COq-bio.CBq-bio.MN
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昂贵随机模型的快速贝叶斯推断

Rapid Bayesian inference for expensive stochastic models

David J. Warne, Ruth E. Baker, Matthew J. Simpson

摘要:

几乎所有的科学领域都依赖于统计推断来估计理论和计算模型中的未知参数。虽然现代计算机硬件的性能不断增长,但模型仿真的计算需求增长得更快。这在很大程度上是由于模型复杂性的增加,通常包括随机动力学,这是必要的描述和表征使用现代,高分辨率,实验技术观察到的现象。这样的模型很少是分析易处理的,这意味着参数推断需要非常大量的随机模拟。在这种情况下,参数推断实际上是不可能的。在这项工作中,我们提出了新的计算贝叶斯技术,通过使用计算成本低廉的近似值来通知参数空间中的可行区域,并通过学习变换来调整有偏的近似推断,以更接近代表昂贵的随机模型下的正确推断,从而加速昂贵的随机模型的推断。使用生态学和细胞生物学的局部例子,我们证明了一个数量级的速度提高,而没有任何损失的准确性。这代表了一个实质性的改进,目前国家的最先进的贝叶斯计算方法时,适当的模型近似。

英文摘要:

Almost all fields of science rely upon statistical inference to estimate unknown parameters in theoretical and computational models. While the performance of modern computer hardware continues to grow, the computational requirements for the simulation of models are growing even faster. This is largely due to the increase in model complexity, often including stochastic dynamics, that is necessary to describe and characterize phenomena observed using modern, high resolution, experimental techniques. Such models are rarely analytically tractable, meaning that extremely large numbers of stochastic simulations are required for parameter inference. In such cases, parameter inference can be practically impossible. In this work, we present new computational Bayesian techniques that accelerate inference for expensive stochastic models by using computationally inexpensive approximations to inform feasible regions in parameter space, and through learning transforms that adjust the biased approximate inferences to closer represent the correct inferences under the expensive stochastic model. Using topical examples from ecology and cell biology, we demonstrate a speed improvement of an order of magnitude without any loss in accuracy. This represents a substantial improvement over current state-of-the-art methods for Bayesian computations when appropriate model approximations are available.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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