使用氯化铝六水合物作为催化剂生产挥发性脂肪酸乙酯的工艺强化
Process intensification for the production of the ethyl esters of volatile fatty acids using aluminium chloride hexahydrate as a catalyst
摘要：
提出了一种以六水氯化铝为催化剂，乙醇为原料合成挥发性脂肪酸乙酯的新工艺。氯化铝不仅表现出良好的活性，在343 K下在4小时内达到组成平衡，而且诱导相分离，组分分布方便。事实上，在上层中发现超过99wt%的乙酯以及大部分未反应的酸和乙醇，其与含有共形成的水和超过97.8wt%的催化剂的底部相很好地分离。对该反应和分离的强化进行了深入研究，并优化了操作条件。这种分离对最终乙酯的纯化的影响进行了充分的研究。设计了一种新的乙酸乙酯生产装置操作结构，并通过Aspen Plus V9进行了模拟，并与现有的硫酸催化工艺进行了比较。乙酸乙酯的整体生产和纯化在经济上具有竞争力，将能源需求降低了50%以上，并且可能是零废物工艺，从而实现清洁生产。
英文摘要：
A new process for obtaining the ethyl esters of volatile fatty acids with ethanol by using aluminium chloride hexahydrate as a catalyst is proposed. Aluminium chloride not only exhibits good activity, composition equilibrium is achieved within 4 hours at 343 K, but also induces a phase separation with a convenient distribution of the components. In fact, more than 99 %wt of the ethyl esters, together with most of the unreacted acid and ethanol, were found in the upper layer, which was well separated from the bottom phase, which contained the coformed water and over 97.8 %wt of the catalyst. The intensification of this reaction and separation was thoroughly investigated and the operational conditions optimised. The effects of this separation on the purification of the final ethyl esters is fully investigated. A new configuration of unit operations is designed for the specific production of ethyl acetate, simulated through Aspen Plus V9 and compared with the current industrial process based on sulfuric acid catalysis. The overall production and purification of ethyl acetate is economically competitive, reduces the energy requirements by more than 50 %, and is potentially a zero waste process, resulting in cleaner production.
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