多端口光子数分辨探测器的理论展望
On the theoretical prospects of multiport devices for photon-number-resolving detections
摘要：
理想光子数分辨探测器是量子光学和量子信息理论中一类重要的光学元件。在这篇文章中，我们从理论上探讨了潜在的多端口设备具有重建性能接近的福克状态测量。通过认识到所有多端口设备都是最低限度完成的，我们首先提供了一个通用的分析框架来描述这些设备的断层成像精度（或质量）。接下来，我们表明，一个完美的多端口设备具有无限数量的输出端口的功能，无论是作为Fock状态的测量时，光子损失是不存在的或二项式混合的Fock状态的测量时，光子损失是存在的，并推导出各自的表达式的层析传输函数。该函数是在概率单形中的所有分布上均匀平均的重建光子数分布的缩放渐近均方误差。然后，我们提供更一般的分析公式的传输函数为有限数量的输出端口的光子损失的存在和不存在。光子数分辨能力的无限和有限尺寸的多端口设备上的光子损失的影响也进行了研究。
英文摘要：
Ideal photon-number-resolving detectors form a class of important optical components in quantum optics and quantum information theory. In this article, we theoretically investigate the potential of multiport devices having reconstruction performances approaching that of the Fock-state measurement. By recognizing that all multiport devices are minimally complete, we first provide a general analytical framework to describe the tomographic accuracy (or quality) of these devices. Next, we show that a perfect multiport device with an infinite number of output ports functions as either the Fock-state measurement when photon losses are absent or binomial mixtures of Fock-state measurements when photon losses are present, and derive their respective expressions for the tomographic transfer function. This function is the scaled asymptotic mean squared-error of the reconstructed photon-number distributions uniformly averaged over all distributions in the probability simplex. We then supply more general analytical formulas for the transfer function for finite numbers of output ports in both the absence and presence of photon losses. The effects of photon losses on the photon-number resolving power of both infinite- and finite-size multiport devices are also investigated.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
