arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1908.08810cs.SEcs.IRcs.LGstat.ML
收藏

基于半结构化需求的测试模型自动生成

Automated Generation of Test Models from Semi-Structured Requirements

Qualicen GmbH(奎利森有限公司);TU Berlin(柏林工业大学);Allianz Deutschland AG(德国安联股份公司)

Jannik Fischbach, Maximilian Junker, Andreas Vogelsang, Dietmar Freudenstein

摘要:

基于模型的测试是一种自动生成测试用例的工具。它需要识别文档中的需求,从语法和语义上理解它们,然后将它们转换为测试模型。这些测试模型的一种轻量级语言是因果图(CEG),它可以用来导出测试用例。[问题:]测试模型的创建是费力的,我们缺乏一个自动化的解决方案,覆盖从需求检测到测试模型创建的整个过程。此外,大多数需求都是用自然语言(NL)表达的,很难自动转换为测试模型。[主要思想:]我们建立在这样一个事实上,即并非所有的NL需求都是非结构化的。我们发现,在我们的行业合作伙伴的需求文档中,有14%的行包含类似于业务规则的“伪代码”描述。我们应用机器学习来识别这种半结构化的需求描述,并提出了一种基于规则的方法,将其翻译成CEG。[贡献:]我们做了三个贡献:(1)自动检测文档中半结构化需求描述的算法,(2)将识别的需求自动翻译为CEG的算法,以及(3)一项研究表明,我们提出的解决方案可以节省86%的时间来创建测试模型,而不会损失质量。

英文摘要:

[Context:] Model-based testing is an instrument for automated generation of test cases. It requires identifying requirements in documents, understanding them syntactically and semantically, and then translating them into a test model. One light-weight language for these test models are Cause-Effect-Graphs (CEG) that can be used to derive test cases. [Problem:] The creation of test models is laborious and we lack an automated solution that covers the entire process from requirement detection to test model creation. In addition, the majority of requirements is expressed in natural language (NL), which is hard to translate to test models automatically. [Principal Idea:] We build on the fact that not all NL requirements are equally unstructured. We found that 14 % of the lines in requirements documents of our industry partner contain "pseudo-code"-like descriptions of business rules. We apply Machine Learning to identify such semi-structured requirements descriptions and propose a rule-based approach for their translation into CEGs. [Contribution:] We make three contributions: (1) an algorithm for the automatic detection of semi-structured requirements descriptions in documents, (2) an algorithm for the automatic translation of the identified requirements into a CEG and (3) a study demonstrating that our proposed solution leads to 86 % time savings for test model creation without loss of quality.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑