为具有连续和不确定行为的Simulink模型生成自动和在线测试预言机
Generating Automated and Online Test Oracles for Simulink Models with Continuous and Uncertain Behaviors
摘要：
测试自动化需要自动化的预言机来评估测试输出。对于信息物理系统（CPS），除了自动化之外，还应确保实现以下关键目标：（i）应在线检查测试输出，一旦检测到故障，立即停止昂贵的测试执行;（ii）应处理时间和数量连续的CPS行为;（iii）应提供定量的满意度或故障度量，而不是二进制的通过/失败输出;及（iv）他们应能行程CPS与环境相互作用所引致的不明朗因素。我们提出了一种自动化的方法来翻译CPS的要求，指定在基于逻辑的语言到Simulink -一个广泛使用的开发和仿真语言CPS指定的测试预言。我们的方法实现了上述目标，通过识别的一个片段的信号一阶逻辑（SFOL），以指定要求，定量语义的定义为这个片段和一个健全的翻译片段到Simulink。将该方法应用于11个工业案例研究的结果表明：（1）我们的需求语言可以表达所有的98个需求;（ii）我们的方法所需的时间和精力是可以接受的，显示出在实践中采用我们的工作的潜力，以及（iii）对于大型模型，与以离线方式检查测试输出时相比，我们的方法可以显著地减少测试执行时间。
英文摘要：
Test automation requires automated oracles to assess test outputs. For cyber physical systems (CPS), oracles, in addition to be automated, should ensure some key objectives: (i) they should check test outputs in an online manner to stop expensive test executions as soon as a failure is detected; (ii) they should handle time- and magnitude-continuous CPS behaviors; (iii) they should provide a quantitative degree of satisfaction or failure measure instead of binary pass/fail outputs; and (iv) they should be able to handle uncertainties due to CPS interactions with the environment. We propose an automated approach to translate CPS requirements specified in a logic-based language into test oracles specified in Simulink -- a widely-used development and simulation language for CPS. Our approach achieves the objectives noted above through the identification of a fragment of Signal First Order logic (SFOL) to specify requirements, the definition of a quantitative semantics for this fragment and a sound translation of the fragment into Simulink. The results from applying our approach on 11 industrial case studies show that: (i) our requirements language can express all the 98 requirements of our case studies; (ii) the time and effort required by our approach are acceptable, showing potentials for the adoption of our work in practice, and (iii) for large models, our approach can dramatically reduce the test execution time compared to when test outputs are checked in an offline manner.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
