审核YouTube上的激进化路径
Auditing Radicalization Pathways on YouTube
摘要：
非营利组织和媒体都假设YouTube上存在激进化管道，声称用户在平台上系统地向更极端的内容发展。然而，迄今为止，这一所谓的输油管道没有实质性的量化证据。为了缩小这一差距，我们对YouTube上的用户激进化进行了大规模审计。我们分析了发布在349个频道上的330,925个视频，我们大致将其分为四种类型：媒体、另类、知识暗网（I.D.W.），和另类右翼根据上述激进化假设，I.D.W.而Alt-lite则是边缘极右意识形态的门户，这里以Alt-right渠道为代表。处理72 M+评论，我们表明，这三种渠道类型确实越来越多地共享相同的用户群;用户一致地从温和的内容迁移到更极端的内容;消费Alt-right内容的用户中有很大一部分现在消费Alt-lite和I.D.W.。过去的内容。我们还调查了YouTube的推荐算法，查看了2019年5月至7月期间超过200万的视频和频道推荐。我们发现，Alt-lite内容很容易从I.D.W.频道，而Alt-right视频只能通过频道推荐访问。总的来说，我们描绘了YouTube上用户激进化的全面画面。
英文摘要：
Non-profits, as well as the media, have hypothesized the existence of a radicalization pipeline on YouTube, claiming that users systematically progress towards more extreme content on the platform. Yet, there is to date no substantial quantitative evidence of this alleged pipeline. To close this gap, we conduct a large-scale audit of user radicalization on YouTube. We analyze 330,925 videos posted on 349 channels, which we broadly classified into four types: Media, the Alt-lite, the Intellectual Dark Web (I.D.W.), and the Alt-right. According to the aforementioned radicalization hypothesis, channels in the I.D.W. and the Alt-lite serve as gateways to fringe far-right ideology, here represented by Alt-right channels. Processing 72M+ comments, we show that the three channel types indeed increasingly share the same user base; that users consistently migrate from milder to more extreme content; and that a large percentage of users who consume Alt-right content now consumed Alt-lite and I.D.W. content in the past. We also probe YouTube's recommendation algorithm, looking at more than 2M video and channel recommendations between May/July 2019. We find that Alt-lite content is easily reachable from I.D.W. channels, while Alt-right videos are reachable only through channel recommendations. Overall, we paint a comprehensive picture of user radicalization on YouTube.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
