哈勃望远镜猎人指南
The Hubble Hunter's Guide
摘要：
哈勃常数的测量，以及更一般地说，在$0 < z < 1$间隔上的膨胀率和距离的测量，似乎与标准宇宙学模型（$Λ$ CDM）给出的宇宙微波背景温度和偏振各向异性的观测结果不一致。在这里，我们考虑了各种类型的偏离$Λ$ CDM，原则上，可以恢复这些数据集之间的一致性，我们解释了为什么我们发现几乎所有的都不太可能成功。我们挑选出一组解决方案，增加了扩展速率在十年的比例因子扩展之前重组作为最不可能的。这些解决方案本身受到它们对光子扩散的影响以及对在这一时期开始振荡的模式的声学振荡的引力驱动的严格限制-这些模式投射到非常好测量的角度尺度上。我们指出，这样的解决方案的一个一般特征是适合$Λ$ CDM的残差，像普朗克功率谱中观察到的。这个残差驱动了适度的显着推论的角度尺度依赖于物质密度和异常高的透镜功率，令人困惑的方面的数据集，否则非常适合$Λ$ CDM。
英文摘要：
Measurements of the Hubble constant, and more generally measurements of the expansion rate and distances over the interval $0 < z < 1$, appear to be inconsistent with the predictions of the standard cosmological model ($Λ$CDM) given observations of cosmic microwave background temperature and polarization anisotropies. Here we consider a variety of types of departures from $Λ$CDM that could, in principle, restore concordance among these datasets, and we explain why we find almost all of them unlikely to be successful. We single out the set of solutions that increase the expansion rate in the decade of scale factor expansion just prior to recombination as the least unlikely. These solutions are themselves tightly constrained by their impact on photon diffusion and on the gravitational driving of acoustic oscillations of the modes that begin oscillating during this epoch -- modes that project on to angular scales that are very well measured. We point out that a general feature of such solutions is a residual to fits to $Λ$CDM, like the one observed in Planck power spectra. This residual drives the modestly significant inferences of angular-scale dependence to the matter density and anomalously high lensing power, puzzling aspects of a data set that is otherwise extremely well fit by $Λ$CDM.
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