AI 中文总结
该研究针对哈勃张力，提出广义PAge参数化，结合晚期与CMB观测数据，发现中期新物理或为解决哈勃张力的关键，且相关模型优于标准ΛCDM。
AI 中文摘要
在宇宙学中，哈勃张力已成为过去十年间最严峻的挑战之一。假设所有观测数据均正确，解决该问题的途径之一是修改标准ΛCDM宇宙学模型。现有文献中，理论修改主要针对早期宇宙和晚期/局域宇宙，但近期在这两个方向均提出了一些不可行性论证。特别地，针对晚期修改的一般性不可行性论证主要基于PAge参数化。本研究指出，原始PAge参数化存在若干缺陷，进而提出多种广义PAge（GPAge）参数化，该参数化可扩展至z>z_CMB的范围，因此可纳入宇宙微波背景（CMB）数据，同时在低红移处精度更高。利用这些GPAge参数化，我们不仅结合晚期观测数据，还结合CMB观测数据重新研究哈勃张力，发现与标准ΛCDM宇宙学显著不同的GPAge参数化可显著缓解（甚至解决）哈勃张力，且基于所有信息准则，观测数据对这些GPAge的偏好远高于ΛCDM。令人惊讶的是，我们发现中期的新物理可能是解决哈勃张力的关键。
英文摘要
In cosmology, the Hubble tension has become one of the most serious challenges in the last decade. Assuming that all the observational data are right, one of the ways out is to modify the standard $Λ$CDM cosmology. In the literature, the theoretical modifications are mainly made in the early and the late/local universes. But on both sides, some no-go arguments have been proposed recently. In particular, the general no-go arguments for the late-time modifications are mainly based on the PAge parameterization. In the present work, we note that there are some flaws in the (original) PAge parameterization, and then propose various generalized PAge (GPAge) parameterizations, which can be extended to $z>z_{\rm CMB}$ and hence the cosmic microwave background (CMB) can be taken into account, while they are also more accurate at low redshifts. With these GPAge parameterizations, we revisit the Hubble tension by using not only the late-time observations but also the observational data of CMB. We find that the Hubble tension could be alleviated (or even resolved) in GPAges significantly different from the standard $Λ$CDM cosmology, while they are overwhelmingly preferred over $Λ$CDM by the observational data in terms of all the information criteria. Surprisingly, we find that the new physics in the mid-time might be the key to resolve the Hubble tension.
Comments22 pages, 6 tables, 10 figures, revtex4
