V.F. Molchanov considered the Hilbert series for the space of invariant skew-symmetric tensors and dual tensors with polynomial coefficients under the action of a real reflection group, and speculated that it had a certain product formula involving the exponents of the group. We show that Molchanov's speculation is false in general but holds for all coincidental complex reflection groups when appropriately modified using exponents and co-exponents. These are the irreducible well-generated (i.e., duality) reflection groups with exponents forming an arithmetic progression and include many real reflection groups and all non-real Shephard groups, e.g., the Shephard-Todd infinite family $G(d,1,n)$. We highlight consequences for the $q$-Narayana and $q$-Kirkman polynomials, giving simple product formulas for both, and give a $q$-analogue of the identity transforming the $h$-vector to the $f$-vector for the coincidental finite type cluster/Cambrian complexes of Fomin--Zelevinsky and Reading.
The Eulerian idempotents, first introduced for the symmetric group and later extended to all reflection groups, generate a family of representations called the Eulerian representations that decompose the regular representation. In Type $A$, the Eulerian representations have many elegant but mysterious connections to rings naturally associated with the braid arrangement. In this paper, we unify these results and show that they hold for any reflection group of coincidental type -- that is, $S_{n}$, $B_{n}$, $H_{3}$ or the dihedral group $I_{2}(m)$ -- by giving six characterizations of the Euleri…
Classical invariant theory of a complex reflection group $W$ highlights three beautiful structures: -- the $W$-invariant polynomials constitute a polynomial algebra, over which -- the $W$-invariant differential forms with polynomial coefficients constitute an exterior algebra, and -- the relative invariants of any $W$-representation constitute a free module. When $W$ is a duality (or well-generated) group, we give an explicit description of the isotypic component within the differential forms of the irreducible reflection representation. This resolves a conjecture of Armstrong, Rhoades and the…
We give a type-independent construction of an explicit basis for the semi-invariant harmonic differential forms of an arbitrary pseudo-reflection group in characteristic zero. Our "top-down" approach uses the methods of Cartan's exterior calculus and is in some sense dual to related work of Solomon, Orlik--Solomon, and Shepler describing (semi-)invariant differential forms. We apply our results to a recent conjecture of Zabrocki which provides a representation theoretic-model for the Delta conjecture of Haglund--Remmel--Wilson in terms of a certain non-commutative coinvariant algebra for the s…
Let W be a finite group generated by unitary reflections and A be the set of reflecting hyperplanes. We will give a characterization of the logarithmic differential forms with poles along A in terms of anti-invariant differential forms. If W is a Coxeter group defined over the real numbers, then the characterization provides a new method to find a basis for the module of logarithmic differential forms out of basic invariants.
Let $X$ be a nonempty real variety that is invariant under the action of a reflection group $G$. We conjecture that if $X$ is defined in terms of the first $k$ basic invariants of $G$ (ordered by degree), then $X$ meets a $k$-dimensional flat of the associated reflection arrangement. We prove this conjecture for the infinite types, reflection groups of rank at most $3$, and $F_4$ and we give computational evidence for $H_4$. This is a generalization of Timofte's degree principle to reflection groups. For general reflection groups, we compute nontrivial upper bounds on the minimal dimension of …
We study, in a global uniform manner, the quotient of the ring of polynomials in l sets of n variables, by the ideal generated by diagonal quasi-invariant polynomials for general permutation groups W=G(r,n). We show that, for each such group W, there is an explicit universal symmetric function that gives the N^l-graded Hilbert series for these spaces. This function is universal in that its dependance on l only involves the number of variables it is calculated with. We also discuss the combinatorial implications of the observed fact that it affords an expansion as a positive coefficient polynom…
In which it is proven that, for each parabolic quasi-Coxeter element in a finite real reflection group, the orbits of the Hurwitz action on its reflection factorizations are distinguished by the two obvious invariants
We characterize the virtual link invariants that can be described as partition function of a real-valued R-matrix, by being weakly reflection positive. Weak reflection positivity is defined in terms of joining virtual link diagrams, which is a specialization of joining virtual link diagram tangles. Basic techniques are the first fundamental theorem of invariant theory, the Hanlon-Wales theorem on the decomposition of Brauer algebras, and the Procesi-Schwarz theorem on inequalities for closed orbits.
We consider noncrossing partitions of [n] under the action of (i) the reflection group (of order 2), (ii) the rotation group (cyclic of order n) and (iii) the rotation/reflection group (dihedral of order 2n). First, we exhibit a bijection from rotation classes to bicolored plane trees on n edges, and consider its implications. Then we count noncrossing partitions of [n] invariant under reflection and show that, somewhat surprisingly, they are equinumerous with rotation classes invariant under reflection. The proof uses a pretty involution originating in work of Germain Kreweras. We conjecture …
A set $S\subset \mathbb{R}^n$ is a nonnegativity witness for a set $U$ of real homogeneous polynomials if $F$ in $U$ is nonnegative on $\mathbb{R}^n$ if and only if it is nonnegative at all points of $S$. We prove that the union of the hyperplanes perpendicular to the elements of a root system $Φ\subseteq \mathbb{R}^n$ is a witness set for nonnegativity of forms of low degree which are invariant under the reflection group defined by $Φ$. We prove that our bound for the degree is sharp for all reflection groups which contain multiplication by $-1$. We then characterize subspaces of forms of arb…
Let G be a finite group of complex n by n unitary matrices generated by reflections acting on C^n. Let R be the ring of invariant polynomials, and χbe a multiplicative character of G. Let Ω^χbe the R-module of χ-invariant differential forms. We define a multiplication in Ω^χand show that under this multiplication Ω^χhas an exterior algebra structure. We also show how to extend the results to vector fields, and exhibit a relationship between χ-invariant forms and logarithmic forms.
Motivated by a recent conjecture of Zabrocki, Wallach described the alternants in the super-coinvariant algebra of the symmetric group in one set of commuting and one set of anti-commuting variables under the diagonal action. We give a type-independent generalization of Wallach's result to all real reflection groups $G$. As an intermediate step, we explicitly describe the alternating super-polynomials in $k[V] \otimes Λ(V)$ for all complex reflection groups, providing an analogue of a classic result of Solomon which describes the invariant super-polynomials in $k[V] \otimes Λ(V^*)$. Using our …
The functions satisfying the mean value property for an n-dimensional cube are determined explicitly. This problem is related to invariant theory for a finite reflection group, especially to a system of invariant differential equations. Solving this problem is reduced to showing that a certain set of invariant polynomials forms an invariant basis. After establishing a certain summation formula over Young diagrams, the latter problem is settled by considering a recursion formula involving Bernoulli numbers. Keywords: polyhedral harmonics; cube; reflection groups; invariant theory; invariant dif…
Let A be a polynomial algebra with complex coefficients. Let B be a finite extension ring of A which is also a polynomial algebra. We describe the factorisation of the Jacobian J of the extension into irreducibles. We also introduce the notion of a well-ramified extension and define its discriminant polynomial D. In the particular case where A is the ring of invariants of B under the action of a group (i.e., a Galois extension), this framework corresponds to the classical invariant theory of complex reflection groups. In the more general case of a well-ramified extension, we explain how the pa…
We refine Brieskorn's study of the cohomology of the complement of the reflection arrangement of a finite Coxeter group $W$. As a result we complete the verification of a conjecture by Felder and Veselov that gives an explicit basis of the space of $W$-invariants in this cohomology ring.
We determine the Waring rank of the fundamental skew invariant of any complex reflection group whose highest degree is a regular number. This includes all irreducible real reflection groups.
Certain classical generating functions for elements of reflection groups can be expressed using fundamental invariants called exponents. We give new analogues of such generating functions that accommodate orbits of reflecting hyperplanes using similar invariants we call reflexponents. Our verifications are case-by-case.
Projective re ection groups have been recently dened by the second author. They include a special class of groups denoted G(r; p; s; n) which contains all classical Weyl groups and more generally all the complex re ection groups of type G(r; p; n). In this paper we dene some statistics analogous to descent number and major index over the projective re ection groups G(r; p; s; n), and we compute several generating functions concerning these parameters. Some aspects of the representation theory of G(r; p; s; n), as distribution of one-dimensional characters and computation of Hilbert series of i…
We analyze the structure of the algebra N of symmetric polynomials in non-commuting variables in so far as it relates to its commutative counterpart. Using the "place-action" of the symmetric group, we are able to realize the latter as the invariant polynomials inside the former. We discover a tensor product decomposition of N analogous to the classical theorems of Chevalley, Shephard-Todd on finite reflection groups.
Let G be a permutation group acting on {1,...,n}, and < be any admissible term order on the polynomial ring K[x_1,...,x_n]. We prove that the invariant ring K[x_1,...,x_n]^G of G has a finite SAGBI basis if, and only if, G is generated by reflections.
