arXiv 1908.023102019-08hep-exhep-phphysics.ins-det

在LHC用FASER探测和研究高能对撞机中微子

Detecting and Studying High-Energy Collider Neutrinos with FASER at the LHC

FASER Collaboration, Henso Abreu, Claire Antel, Akitaka Ariga, Tomoko Ariga, Jamie Boyd, Franck Cadoux, David W. Casper, Xin Chen, Andrea Coccaro, Candan Dozen,… 展开作者

FASER Collaboration, Henso Abreu, Claire Antel, Akitaka Ariga, Tomoko Ariga, Jamie Boyd, Franck Cadoux, David W. Casper, Xin Chen, Andrea Coccaro, Candan Dozen, Peter B. Denton, Yannick Favre, Jonathan L. Feng, Didier Ferrere, Iftah Galon, Stephen Gibson, Sergio Gonzalez-Sevilla, Shih-Chieh Hsu, Zhen Hu, Giuseppe Iacobucci, Sune Jakobsen, Roland Jansky, Enrique Kajomovitz, Felix Kling, Susanne Kuehn, Lorne Levinson, Congqiao Li, 1 Josh McFayden, Sam Meehan, Friedemann Neuhaus, Hidetoshi Otono, Brian Petersen, Helena Pikhartova, Michaela Queitsch-Maitland, Osamu Sato, Kristof Schmieden, Matthias Schott, Anna Sfyrla, Savannah Shively, Jordan Smolinsky, Aaron M. Soffa, Yosuke Takubo, Eric Torrence, Sebastian Trojanowski, Callum Wilkinson, Dengfeng Zhang, Gang Zhang

备注：: Version published in EPJ C
发表信息：: Eur.Phys.J. C80 (2020) no.1, 61
DOI：: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-7631-5

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摘要：

中微子在粒子对撞机上大量产生，但从未在对撞机上检测到中微子。对撞机，特别是强子对撞机，可以在非常高的能量下产生各种各样的中微子和反中微子，因此它们与其他来源的中微子有很强的互补性。FASER，最近批准的大型强子对撞机前向搜索实验，是理想的位置，以提供第一个检测和研究对撞机中微子。我们调查的前景中微子研究的FASER，FASER $ν$，一个25厘米× 25厘米× 1.35米的乳胶探测器被直接放置在前面的FASER光谱仪在隧道TI 12。FASER $ν$由1000层乳胶膜和1毫米厚的钨板组成，钨靶的总质量为1.2吨。我们估计了FASER $ν$的中微子通量和相互作用率，描述了FASER $ν$探测器，并分析了信号和原始本底的特征。对于2021 - 2023年14 TeV大型强子对撞机运行3期间收集的150 fb $^{-1}$的积分光度，并假设标准模型截面，大约1300个电子中微子，20，000个μ子中微子和20个τ中微子将在FASER $ν$中相互作用，平均能量为600 GeV至1 TeV，取决于味道。有了这样的速率和能量，FASER将测量中微子在当前不受约束的能量下的横截面，将约束正向粒子产生的模型，并可能打开一扇超越标准模型的物理学新窗口。

英文摘要：

Neutrinos are copiously produced at particle colliders, but no collider neutrino has ever been detected. Colliders, and particularly hadron colliders, produce both neutrinos and anti-neutrinos of all flavors at very high energies, and they are therefore highly complementary to those from other sources. FASER, the recently approved Forward Search Experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, is ideally located to provide the first detection and study of collider neutrinos. We investigate the prospects for neutrino studies of a proposed component of FASER, FASER$ν$, a 25cm x 25cm x 1.35m emulsion detector to be placed directly in front of the FASER spectrometer in tunnel TI12. FASER$ν$ consists of 1000 layers of emulsion films interleaved with 1-mm-thick tungsten plates, with a total tungsten target mass of 1.2 tons. We estimate the neutrino fluxes and interaction rates at FASER$ν$, describe the FASER$ν$ detector, and analyze the characteristics of the signals and primary backgrounds. For an integrated luminosity of 150 fb$^{-1}$ to be collected during Run 3 of the 14 TeV Large Hadron Collider from 2021-23, and assuming standard model cross sections, approximately 1300 electron neutrinos, 20,000 muon neutrinos, and 20 tau neutrinos will interact in FASER$ν$, with mean energies of 600 GeV to 1 TeV, depending on the flavor. With such rates and energies, FASER will measure neutrino cross sections at energies where they are currently unconstrained, will bound models of forward particle production, and could open a new window on physics beyond the standard model.

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