arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1908.01863cs.RO
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自由空间特征:使用距离函数映射的二维激光SLAM全局定位

Free-Space Features: Global Localization in 2D Laser SLAM Using Distance Function Maps

ETH Zürich(苏黎世联邦理工学院)

Alexander Millane, Helen Oleynikova, Juan Nieto, Roland Siegwart, César Cadena

摘要:

在许多应用中,维护环境的一致地图是使机器人平台能够执行更高级别决策的关键。检测已经访问过的位置是保持地图一致性的主要方式之一,特别是在外部定位系统不可用或不可靠的情况下。2D映射是机器人技术的一个重要领域,这主要是因为人工环境,如仓库和家庭,机器人预计将发挥越来越大的作用,通常可以近似为平面。在这种情况下,位置识别仍然具有挑战性:2D激光雷达扫描包含的信息很少,无法表征并识别位置。本文介绍了一种新的方法,旨在解决这个问题。在其核心,该系统依赖于使用距离函数来表示几何形状。该表示允许提取描述环境中的表面和自由空间的几何形状的特征。我们为此提出了一个功能。通过对公共数据集的评估,我们证明了自由空间在描述地方中的实用性,并显示了从表面几何形状中提取的最先进的描述符的本地化性能的增加。

英文摘要:

In many applications, maintaining a consistent map of the environment is key to enabling robotic platforms to perform higher-level decision making. Detection of already visited locations is one of the primary ways in which map consistency is maintained, especially in situations where external positioning systems are unavailable or unreliable. Mapping in 2D is an important field in robotics, largely due to the fact that man-made environments such as warehouses and homes, where robots are expected to play an increasing role, can often be approximated as planar. Place recognition in this context remains challenging: 2D lidar scans contain scant information with which to characterize, and therefore recognize, a location. This paper introduces a novel approach aimed at addressing this problem. At its core, the system relies on the use of the distance function for representation of geometry. This representation allows extraction of features which describe the geometry of both surfaces and free-space in the environment. We propose a feature for this purpose. Through evaluations on public datasets, we demonstrate the utility of free-space in the description of places, and show an increase in localization performance over a state-of-the-art descriptor extracted from surface geometry.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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