用JANNuS多束离子束研究核能材料的辐射损伤
Investigating radiation damage in nuclear energy materials using JANNuS multiple ion beams
摘要：
几十年来，材料科学家一直使用离子加速器来研究核材料中的辐射损伤形成，从而模拟中子引起的变化。粒子能量、剂量率、注量等条件的多样性，是离子束的关键资产，允许进行完全仪器化的分析研究。此外，与反应堆内测试相比，非常短的辐照时间和非放射性样品的处理大大减少了全球成本和持续时间。耦合两个或多个光束，使用加热/冷却的样品架，并在原位表征和显微镜的实施铺平了道路，在各种极端的辐射条件下，更密切地模仿核环境的微观结构和性能演变的实时观察。由于这些原因，世界各地已投入使用多个离子束设施。在法国，在巴黎-萨克雷大学的赞助下，JANNuS平台的“纳米科学和核模拟联合加速器”包括五个具有互补性能的离子加速器和静电加速器。在CSNSM（CNRS \& Univ Paris-Sud，Orsay），一台200 kV的透射电子显微镜与一台加速器和一台电子显微镜耦合，用于原位观察离子束在材料中引起的微结构变化，为理解纳米级的物理现象做出了重要贡献。在CEA Paris-Saclay，欧洲独特的三重束设施允许同时用重离子（如Fe，W）进行核反冲损伤辐照，并注入大量离子，包括用于良好控制的建模实验的气体。核工业对几类材料感兴趣，从金属和合金到氧化物或玻璃和碳化物。本文给出了选定的例子，说明使用JANNuS离子束在调查的结构材料的抗辐射性，今天和明天的核反应堆。
英文摘要：
Ion accelerators have been used by material scientists for decades to investigate radiation damage formation in nuclear materials and thus to emulate neutron-induced changes. The versatility of conditions in terms of particle energy, dose rate, fluence, etc., is a key asset of ion beams allowing for fully instrumented analytical studies. In addition, very short irradiation times and handling of non-radioactive samples dramatically curtail the global cost and duration as compared to in-reactor testing. Coupling of two or more beams, use of heated/cooled sample holders, and implementation of in situ characterization and microscopy pave the way to real time observation of microstructural and property evolution in various extreme radiation conditions more closely mimicking the nuclear environments. For these reasons, multiple ion beam facilities have been commissioned worldwide. In France, under the auspices of the Universit{é} Paris-Saclay, the JANNuS platform for 'Joint Accelerators for Nanosciences and Nuclear Simulation' comprises five ion implanter and electrostatic accelerators with complementary performances. At CSNSM (CNRS \& Univ Paris-Sud, Orsay), a 200 kV Transmission Electron Microscope is coupled to an accelerator and an implanter for in situ observation of microstructure modifications induced by ion beams in a material, making important contribution to the understanding of physical phenomena at the nanoscale. At CEA Paris-Saclay, the unique triple beam facility in Europe allows the simultaneous irradiation with heavy ions (like Fe, W) for nuclear recoil damage and implantation of a large array of ions including gasses for well-controlled modelling-oriented experiments. Several classes of materials are of interest for the nuclear industry ranging from metals and alloys, to oxides or glasses and carbides. This paper gives selected examples that illustrate the use of JANNuS ion beams in investigating the radiation resistance of structural materials for today's and tomorrow's nuclear reactors.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
