Brain lesions, including stroke and tumours, have a high degree of variability in terms of location, size, intensity and form, making automatic segmentation difficult. We propose an improvement to existing segmentation methods by exploiting the bilateral quasi-symmetry of healthy brains, which breaks down when lesions are present. Specifically, we use nonlinear registration of a neuroimage to a reflected version of itself ("reflective registration") to determine for each voxel its homologous (corresponding) voxel in the other hemisphere. A patch around the homologous voxel is added as a set of new features to the segmentation algorithm. To evaluate this method, we implemented two different CNN-based multimodal MRI stroke lesion segmentation algorithms, and then augmented them by adding extra symmetry features using the reflective registration method described above. For each architecture, we compared the performance with and without symmetry augmentation, on the SISS Training dataset of the Ischemic Stroke Lesion Segmentation Challenge (ISLES) 2015 challenge. Using affine reflective registration improves performance over baseline, but nonlinear reflective registration gives significantly better results: an improvement in Dice coefficient of 13 percentage points over baseline for one architecture and 9 points for the other. We argue for the broad applicability of adding symmetric features to existing segmentation algorithms, specifically using nonlinear, template-free methods.
A Foundation Model for Brain Lesion Segmentation with Mixture of Modality Experts
Imperial College London（帝国理工学院）；UK Dementia Research Institute（英国痴呆症研究所）；Beijing Institute of Technology（北京理工大学）；Capital Medical University（首都医科大学）；Beijing Tiantan Hospital（北京天坛医院）
Meta-Analysis of Transfer Learning for Segmentation of Brain Lesions
Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts（马萨诸塞大学应用生命科学研究所）；Manning College of Information and Computer Sciences, University of Massachusetts（马萨诸塞大学曼宁信息与计算机科学学院）；Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts（马萨诸塞大学生物医学工程系）；Baystate Medical Center（贝州医疗中心）；UMass Chan Medical School - Baystate Campus（马萨诸塞大学陈医学院贝州校区）；Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts（马萨诸塞大学电气与计算机工程系）；Department of Neurology, Baystate Medical Center（贝州医疗中心神经内科）
A Longitudinal Method for Simultaneous Whole-Brain and Lesion Segmentation in Multiple Sclerosis
Technical University of Denmark（丹麦技术大学）；Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging（阿西努拉·A·马丁诺斯生物医学成像中心）；Massachusetts General Hospital（麻省总医院）；Harvard Medical School（哈佛医学院）；Technical University of Munich（慕尼黑工业大学）
Unsupervised brain lesion segmentation from MRI using a convolutional autoencoder
University of Iceland（冰岛大学）；Landspitali - University Hospital（兰斯皮塔利大学医院）；The Icelandic Heart Association（冰岛心脏协会）；The Johns Hopkins University（约翰斯·霍普金斯大学）
Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja（洛哈技术大学）；University of Waterloo（滑铁卢大学）；Universitat Politècnica de València（瓦伦西亚理工大学）；Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)（西班牙国家研究委员会）
A Contrast-Adaptive Method for Simultaneous Whole-Brain and Lesion Segmentation in Multiple Sclerosis
Technical University of Denmark（丹麦技术大学）；Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre（哥本哈根大学医院维兹奥勒医院）；Medical Image Analysis Center (MIAC AG)（医学图像分析中心（MIAC AG））；Technical University of Munich（慕尼黑工业大学）；Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg（哥本哈根大学医院比斯佩比约医院）；University of Copenhagen（哥本哈根大学）；Massachusetts General Hospital（麻省总医院）；Harvard Medical School（哈佛医学院）
Deep Learning Based Segmentation of Various Brain Lesions for Radiosurgery
National Taiwan University（台湾大学）；Santa Clara University（圣克拉拉大学）；QNAP Systems, Inc（威联通科技股份有限公司）；Taipei Hospital（台北医院）；National Taiwan University Hospital（台湾大学附属医院）
All Sizes Matter: Improving Volumetric Brain Segmentation on Small Lesions
Technical University of Munich（慕尼黑工业大学）；Klinikum rechts der Isar（伊萨尔河右岸医院）；Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK)（德国转化癌症研究联盟（DKTK））；Helmholtz Center Munich（慕尼黑亥姆霍兹中心）
A comparative study of 2D image segmentation algorithms for traumatic brain lesions using CT data from the ProTECTIII multicenter clinical trial
Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University（布朗大学沃伦·阿尔珀特医学院）；Emory University School of Medicine（埃默里大学医学院）；University of Florida School of Medicine（佛罗里达大学医学院）；Brown University（布朗大学）
RatLesNetv2: A Fully Convolutional Network for Rodent Brain Lesion Segmentation
University of Eastern Finland（东芬兰大学）；Charles River Discovery Services（查尔斯河发现服务公司）；Centro Fermi - Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi（费米中心——恩里科·费米物理历史博物馆与研究中心）；Sapienza Università di Roma（罗马第一大学）
Segmentation of Multiple Sclerosis lesion in brain MR images using Fuzzy C-Means
Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic)（阿米尔卡比尔理工大学（德黑兰理工学院））；South Tehran Branch Islamic Azad University (IAU)（伊斯兰阿扎德大学南德黑兰分校）；Arak University of Medical Sciences（阿拉克医科大学）
Learning joint segmentation of tissues and brain lesions from task-specific hetero-modal domain-shifted datasets
King’s College London（伦敦国王学院）；School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences（生物医学工程与成像科学学院）；King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust（国王学院医院国民健康服务基金会信托）；NVIDIA（英伟达）；Dementia Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, UCL（伦敦大学学院痴呆研究中心、伦敦大学学院神经学研究所、伦敦大学学院）；Department of Medical Physics, UCL（伦敦大学学院医学物理系）；Department of Neuroradiology（神经放射科）；St. Thomas’ Hospital（圣托马斯医院）
A fully 3D multi-path convolutional neural network with feature fusion and feature weighting for automatic lesion identification in brain MRI images
New Jersey Institute of Technology（新泽西理工学院）；Kessler Foundation（凯斯勒基金会）；Emory University（埃默里大学）；Atlanta VA Medical Center（亚特兰大退伍军人事务医疗中心）；Medical College of Wisconsin（威斯康星医学院）；Rutgers University - Newark（罗格斯大学纽瓦克分校）
我们提出了一个全三维多路径卷积网络来预测中风病变的三维脑MRI图像。我们的多路径模型具有针对包含残余卷积块的不同模态的独立编码器、来自不同模态的加权多路径特征融合以及用于组合编码器和解码器特征的加权融合模块。与DeepMedic、3D U-Net和AnatomyNet等现有的3D CNN相比，我们的网络在220名患者的大型ATLAS基准测试中实现了最高的统计学显著交叉验证准确率（60.5%）。我们还在来自Kessler Foundation和Medical College Wisconsin的多模态图像上测试了我们的模型，并实现了65%的统计学显著交叉验证准确率，显著优于多模态3D U-Net和DeepMedic。总的来说，我们的模型提供了一个原则性的，可扩展的多路径方法，优于多通道的替代品，并在现有的基准实现高骰子精度。
Self-supervised Lesion Change Detection and Localisation in Longitudinal Multiple Sclerosis Brain Imaging
Flinders University（弗林德斯大学）；Flinders Medical Centre（弗林德斯医疗中心）；Dr Jones & Partners Medical Imaging（琼斯博士及合伙人医疗影像中心）；University of Oxford（牛津大学）；University of Adelaide（阿德莱德大学）
Automatic Rodent Brain MRI Lesion Segmentation with Fully Convolutional Networks
AI Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland（东芬兰大学AI·维尔塔宁分子科学研究所）；Charles River Discovery Services（查尔斯河发现服务公司）；Centro Fermi - Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi（费米中心——恩里科·费米物理历史博物馆与研究中心）
Red-GAN: Attacking class imbalance via conditioned generation. Yet another perspective on medical image synthesis for skin lesion dermoscopy and brain tumor MRI
Brain Lesion Synthesis via Progressive Adversarial Variational Auto-Encoder
King’s College London（伦敦国王学院）；National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery（国家神经内科和神经外科医院）；Thomas Jefferson University（托马斯·杰斐逊大学）；University of Washington（华盛顿大学）
SYNAPSE-Net: A Unified Framework with Lesion-Aware Hierarchical Gating for Robust Segmentation of Heterogeneous Brain Lesions
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology（生物医学工程系，孟加拉国工程与技术大学）；Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology（计算机科学与工程系，孟加拉国工程与技术大学）；Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology（电气与电子工程系，孟加拉国工程与技术大学）
Large-kernel Attention for Efficient and Robust Brain Lesion Segmentation
Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London（伦敦大学学院惠康人类神经成像中心）；NVIDIA（英伟达）；University of California, San Francisco（加州大学旧金山分校）；Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley（加州大学伯克利分校海伦·威尔斯神经科学研究所）；Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, University of Southern California（南加州大学史蒂文斯神经成像与信息学研究所）
针对 3D 脑病变分割，本文提出 U-Net 的全卷积 transformer 块变体，以大核注意力兼顾长程建模、CNN 参数效率与 transformer 归纳偏置，性能达到先进水平并开源代码。
Adaptable Segmentation Pipeline for Diverse Brain Tumors with Radiomic-Guided Subtyping and Lesion-Wise Model Ensemble
Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation（Sheikh Zayed儿童外科创新研究所）；Children’s National Hospital（儿童医院）；University of Washington（华盛顿大学）；Universidad Politécnica de Madrid（马德里理工大学）；CIBER-BBN；ISCIII；School of Medicine and Health Sciences（医学与健康科学学院）
X-Net: Brain Stroke Lesion Segmentation Based on Depthwise Separable Convolution and Long-range Dependencies
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学）；Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院保罗·C·劳特伯生物医学成像研究中心）；Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences（广东省医学科学院广东省人民医院）；Henan Provincial People’s Hospital（河南省人民医院）；Nanchang University（南昌大学）
Self-pruning Graph Neural Network for Predicting Inflammatory Disease Activity in Multiple Sclerosis from Brain MR Images
University of Zurich（苏黎世大学）；Technical University of Munich（慕尼黑工业大学）；Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich（慕尼黑工业大学 rechts der Isar 医院）；Imperial College London（帝国理工学院）；The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University（西安交通大学第一附属医院）
P-Count: Persistence-based Counting of White Matter Hyperintensities in Brain MRI
Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, MGH and Harvard Medical School（马蒂诺斯生物医学成像中心，麻省总医院与哈佛医学院）；Center for Medical Image Computing, University College London（伦敦大学学院医学影像计算中心）；Amsterdam University Medical Center（阿姆斯特丹大学医学中心）；Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Copenhagen University Hospital（哥本哈根大学医院丹麦磁共振研究中心）；Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, MIT（麻省理工学院计算机科学与人工智能实验室）
Graph Theory and GNNs to Unravel the Topographical Organization of Brain Lesions in Variants of Alzheimer's Disease Progression
Sorbonne Université（索邦大学）；Paris Brain Institute - ICM（巴黎脑研究所 - ICM）；CNRS（法国国家科学研究中心）；Inria（法国国家信息与自动化研究所）；Inserm（法国国家健康与医学研究院）；AP-HP（巴黎公共医疗集团）；Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière（皮蒂-萨尔皮特里耶医院）
