arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1906.02243cs.CL
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NLP中深度学习的能量和策略考虑

Energy and Policy Considerations for Deep Learning in NLP

College of Information and Computer Sciences(信息与计算机科学学院);University of Massachusetts Amherst(马萨诸塞大学阿默斯特分校)

Emma Strubell, Ananya Ganesh, Andrew McCallum

摘要:

用于训练神经网络的硬件和方法的最新进展已经迎来了在丰富数据上训练的新一代大型网络。这些模型在许多NLP任务中的准确性都有显著提高。然而,这些精度的提高取决于非常大的计算资源的可用性,这需要类似的大量能量消耗。因此,这些模型的训练和开发在经济上是昂贵的,这是由于硬件和电力或云计算时间的成本,并且在环境上是由于为现代张量处理硬件提供燃料所需的碳足迹。在本文中,我们通过量化训练各种最近成功的NLP神经网络模型的近似财务和环境成本来引起NLP研究人员的注意。基于这些发现,我们提出了可操作的建议,以降低成本,提高NLP研究和实践的公平性。

英文摘要:

Recent progress in hardware and methodology for training neural networks has ushered in a new generation of large networks trained on abundant data. These models have obtained notable gains in accuracy across many NLP tasks. However, these accuracy improvements depend on the availability of exceptionally large computational resources that necessitate similarly substantial energy consumption. As a result these models are costly to train and develop, both financially, due to the cost of hardware and electricity or cloud compute time, and environmentally, due to the carbon footprint required to fuel modern tensor processing hardware. In this paper we bring this issue to the attention of NLP researchers by quantifying the approximate financial and environmental costs of training a variety of recently successful neural network models for NLP. Based on these findings, we propose actionable recommendations to reduce costs and improve equity in NLP research and practice.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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