色大气效应对重心改正的测量影响：来自极精密摄谱仪的结果
The Measured Impact of Chromatic Atmospheric Effects on Barycentric Corrections: Results from the EXtreme PREcision Spectrograph
摘要：
对系外行星宿主恒星进行高精度径向速度测量的一个误差来源是观测期间地球大气传输的色度变化。减轻这种错误需要的光子加权的重心校正被应用作为整个恒星光谱的波长的函数。我们已经设计了一个系统的彩色光子加权重心校正的超精密摄谱仪（EXPRESS）和目前的结果，从第一年的业务，径向速度测量的基础上超过$10^3$高分辨率恒星光谱。对于观测时间长于250秒，我们发现，如果忽略重心校正的色分量，径向速度误差的范围可达1 m s $^{-1}$的交叉相关，这取决于夜间的大气条件。对于这种误差分布，G型星的标准差为8.4 cm s $^{-1}$，K型星为8.5 cm s $^{-1}$，M型星为2.1 cm s $^{-1}$。这种错误被减少到远低于仪器和光子噪声限制地板频繁通量采样的观测星与低分辨率曝光计摄谱仪。
英文摘要：
One source of error in high-precision radial velocity measurements of exoplanet host stars is chromatic change in Earth's atmospheric transmission during observations. Mitigation of this error requires that the photon-weighted barycentric correction be applied as a function of wavelength across the stellar spectrum. We have designed a system for chromatic photon-weighted barycentric corrections with the EXtreme PREcision Spectrograph (EXPRES) and present results from the first year of operations, based on radial velocity measurements of more than $10^3$ high-resolution stellar spectra. For observation times longer than 250 seconds, we find that if the chromatic component of the barycentric corrections is ignored, a range of radial velocity errors up to 1 m s$^{-1}$ can be incurred with cross-correlation, depending on the nightly atmospheric conditions. For this distribution of errors, the standard deviation is 8.4 cm s$^{-1}$ for G-type stars, 8.5 cm s$^{-1}$ for K-type stars, and 2.1 cm s$^{-1}$ for M-type stars. This error is reduced to well-below the instrumental and photon-noise limited floor by frequent flux sampling of the observed star with a low-resolution exposure meter spectrograph.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
