建立海洋表面惯性粒子动力学的Maxey-Riley框架
Building a Maxey--Riley framework for surface ocean inertial particle dynamics
摘要：
从Maxey-Riley集出发，建立了研究海洋表面惯性质点运动的框架。一个新的集是通过垂直平均每个条款的原始集，适应占地球的旋转效应，在一个足够小的球形颗粒，漂浮在一个假定的未受干扰的海气界面与不稳定的不均匀的风和洋流的上方和下方，分别的程度。惯性粒子速度呈指数衰减的时间，位于接近的平均海水和空气的速度，加权的海水-粒子密度比的函数的速度。这种加权平均速度碰巧是搜索和救援文献中通常讨论的类型，单凭这一点无法解释所观察到的反气旋中尺度涡旋作为海洋垃圾陷阱的作用，也无法解释副热带环流系中巨大垃圾斑块的形成，这些现象主要是有限尺寸效应。提出了一个启发式的扩展理论来描述一个简单的形状因子校正的装置的非球形颗粒的运动，并建议将波诱导的斯托克斯漂流，并允许携带流体密度的不均匀性。新的马克西-莱利集优于海洋适应，忽略了风阻力的影响和第一次报告的适应，试图将他们。
英文摘要：
A framework for the study of surface ocean inertial particle motion is built from the Maxey--Riley set. A new set is obtained by vertically averaging each term of the original set, adapted to account for Earth's rotation effects, across the extent of a sufficiently small spherical particle that floats at an assumed unperturbed air--sea interface with unsteady nonuniform winds and ocean currents above and below, respectively. The inertial particle velocity is shown to exponentially decay in time to a velocity that lies close to an average of seawater and air velocities, weighted by a function of the seawater-to-particle density ratio. Such a weighted average velocity turns out to fortuitously be of the type commonly discussed in the search-and-rescue literature, which alone cannot explain the observed role of anticyclonic mesoscale eddies as traps for marine debris or the formation of great garbage patches in the subtropical gyres, phenomena dominated by finite-size effects. A heuristic extension of the theory is proposed to describe the motion of nonspherical particles by means of a simple shape factor correction, and recommendations are made for incorporating wave-induced Stokes drift, and allowing for inhomogeneities of the carrying fluid density. The new Maxey--Riley set outperforms an ocean adaptation that ignored wind drag effects and the first reported adaption that attempted to incorporate them.
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