Pose-adaptive Hierarchical Attention Network for Facial Expression Recognition
China University of Geosciences（中国地质大学）；Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院计算技术研究所）；University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学）
Multi-view facial expression recognition (FER) is a challenging task because the appearance of an expression varies in poses. To alleviate the influences of poses, recent methods either perform pose normalization or learn separate FER classifiers for each pose. However, these methods usually have two stages and rely on good performance of pose estimators. Different from existing methods, we propose a pose-adaptive hierarchical attention network (PhaNet) that can jointly recognize the facial expressions and poses in unconstrained environment. Specifically, PhaNet discovers the most relevant regions to the facial expression by an attention mechanism in hierarchical scales, and the most informative scales are then selected to learn the pose-invariant and expression-discriminative representations. PhaNet is end-to-end trainable by minimizing the hierarchical attention losses, the FER loss and pose loss with dynamically learned loss weights. We validate the effectiveness of the proposed PhaNet on three multi-view datasets (BU-3DFE, Multi-pie, and KDEF) and two in-the-wild FER datasets (AffectNet and SFEW). Extensive experiments demonstrate that our framework outperforms the state-of-the-arts under both within-dataset and cross-dataset settings, achieving the average accuracies of 84.92\%, 93.53\%, 88.5\%, 54.82\% and 31.25\% respectively.
Fudan University（复旦大学）；Ping An OneConnect（平安金融壹账通）
The recent research of facial expression recognition has made a lot of progress due to the development of deep learning technologies, but some typical challenging problems such as the variety of rich facial expressions and poses are still not resolved. To solve these problems, we develop a new Facial Expression Recognition (FER) framework by involving the facial poses into our image synthesizing and classification process. There are two major novelties in this work. First, we create a new facial expression dataset of more than 200k images with 119 persons, 4 poses and 54 expressions. To our kn…
In domains where computational resources and labeled data are limited, such as in robotics, deep networks with millions of weights might not be the optimal solution. In this paper, we introduce a connectivity scheme for pyramidal architectures to increase their capacity for learning features. Experiments on facial expression recognition of unseen people demonstrate that our approach is a potential candidate for applications with restricted resources, due to good generalization performance and low computational cost. We show that our approach generalizes as well as convolutional architectures i…
Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications（北京邮电大学）
Facial expression recognition (FER) is a challenging problem because the expression component is always entangled with other irrelevant factors, such as identity and head pose. In this work, we propose an identity and pose disentangled facial expression recognition (IPD-FER) model to learn more discriminative feature representation. We regard the holistic facial representation as the combination of identity, pose and expression. These three components are encoded with different encoders. For identity encoder, a well pre-trained face recognition model is utilized and fixed during training, whic…
Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院）；Nanyang Technological University（南洋理工大学）
Occlusion and pose variations, which can change facial appearance significantly, are two major obstacles for automatic Facial Expression Recognition (FER). Though automatic FER has made substantial progresses in the past few decades, occlusion-robust and pose-invariant issues of FER have received relatively less attention, especially in real-world scenarios. This paper addresses the real-world pose and occlusion robust FER problem with three-fold contributions. First, to stimulate the research of FER under real-world occlusions and variant poses, we build several in-the-wild facial expression …
University of Essex（埃塞克斯大学）；Technological Educational Institute of Crete（克里特技术教育学院）；Aalborg University（奥尔堡大学）
Despite significant recent advances in the field of head pose estimation and facial expression recognition, raising the cognitive level when analysing human activity presents serious challenges to current concepts. Motivated by the need of generating comprehensible visual representations from different sets of data, we introduce a system capable of monitoring human activity through head pose and facial expression changes, utilising an affordable 3D sensing technology (Microsoft Kinect sensor). An approach build on discriminative random regression forests was selected in order to rapidly and ac…
Recently proposed robust 3D face alignment methods establish either dense or sparse correspondence between a 3D face model and a 2D facial image. The use of these methods presents new challenges as well as opportunities for facial texture analysis. In particular, by sampling the image using the fitted model, a facial UV can be created. Unfortunately, due to self-occlusion, such a UV map is always incomplete. In this paper, we propose a framework for training Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) to complete the facial UV map extracted from in-the-wild images. To this end, we first gather co…
We address the problem of suppressing facial expressions in videos because expressions can hinder the retrieval of important information in applications such as face recognition. To achieve this, we present an optical strain suppression method that removes any facial expression without requiring training for a specific expression. For each frame in a video, an optical strain map that provides the strain magnitude value at each pixel is generated; this strain map is then utilized to neutralize the expression by replacing pixels of high strain values with pixels from a reference face frame. Expe…
Facial recognition using deep convolutional neural networks relies on the availability of large datasets of face images. Many examples of identities are needed, and for each identity, a large variety of images are needed in order for the network to learn robustness to intra-class variation. In practice, such datasets are difficult to obtain, particularly those containing adequate variation of pose. Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) provide a potential solution to this problem due to their ability to generate realistic, synthetic images. However, recent studies have shown that current meth…
International Doctoral Innovation Centre, University of Nottingham Ningbo China（宁波诺丁汉大学国际博士创新中心）；School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham Ningbo China（宁波诺丁汉大学计算机科学学院）；Institute of Microscopy Science and Technology, Ningbo Yongxin Optics Co. LTD.（宁波永新光学股份有限公司显微科学与技术研究所）；School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham（诺丁汉大学计算机科学学院）
In the computer research area, facial expression recognition is a hot research problem. Recent years, the research has moved from the lab environment to in-the-wild circumstances. It is challenging, especially under extreme poses. But current expression detection systems are trying to avoid the pose effects and gain the general applicable ability. In this work, we solve the problem in the opposite approach. We consider the head poses and detect the expressions within special head poses. Our work includes two parts: detect the head pose and group it into one pre-defined head pose class; do faci…
This paper demonstrates a novel approach to improve face-recognition pose-invariance using semantic-segmentation features. The proposed Seg-Distilled-ID network jointly learns identification and semantic-segmentation tasks, where the segmentation task is then "distilled" (MobileNet encoder). Performance is benchmarked against three state-of-the-art encoders on a publicly available data-set emphasizing head-pose variations. Experimental evaluations show the Seg-Distilled-ID network shows notable robustness benefits, achieving 99.9% test-accuracy in comparison to 81.6% on ResNet-101, 96.1% on VG…
Chosun University（朝鲜大学）；Hanoi University of Science and Technology（河内理工大学）；Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology（越南科学技术院）
Pose-invariant face recognition refers to the problem of identifying or verifying a person by analyzing face images captured from different poses. This problem is challenging due to the large variation of pose, illumination and facial expression. A promising approach to deal with pose variation is to fulfill incomplete UV maps extracted from in-the-wild faces, then attach the completed UV map to a fitted 3D mesh and finally generate different 2D faces of arbitrary poses. The synthesized faces increase the pose variation for training deep face recognition models and reduce the pose discrepancy …
University of Nottingham（诺丁汉大学）；University of Pittsburgh（匹兹堡大学）；Binghamton University（宾汉姆顿大学）；Imperial College London（帝国理工学院）；University of Twente（特文特大学）；Carnegie Mellon University（卡内基梅隆大学）
The field of Automatic Facial Expression Analysis has grown rapidly in recent years. However, despite progress in new approaches as well as benchmarking efforts, most evaluations still focus on either posed expressions, near-frontal recordings, or both. This makes it hard to tell how existing expression recognition approaches perform under conditions where faces appear in a wide range of poses (or camera views), displaying ecologically valid expressions. The main obstacle for assessing this is the availability of suitable data, and the challenge proposed here addresses this limitation. The FG …
Although facial landmark localization (FLL) approaches are becoming increasingly accurate for characterizing facial regions, one question remains unanswered: what is the impact of these approaches on subsequent related tasks? In this paper, the focus is put on facial expression recognition (FER), where facial landmarks are used for face registration, which is a common usage. Since the most used datasets for facial landmark localization do not allow for a proper measurement of performance according to the different difficulties (e.g., pose, expression, illumination, occlusion, motion blur), we …
Sorbonne Universités（索邦大学）；UPMC Univ Paris 06（巴黎第六大学）；CNRS（法国国家科学研究中心）；ISIR UMR 7222（智能系统与机器人研究所）
Automatic facial expression classification (FER) from videos is a critical problem for the development of intelligent human-computer interaction systems. Still, it is a challenging problem that involves capturing high-dimensional spatio-temporal patterns describing the variation of one's appearance over time. Such representation undergoes great variability of the facial morphology and environmental factors as well as head pose variations. In this paper, we use Conditional Random Forests to capture low-level expression transition patterns. More specifically, heterogeneous derivative features (e…
In the face recognition application scenario, we need to process facial images captured in various conditions, such as at night by near-infrared (NIR) surveillance cameras. The illumination difference between NIR and visible-light (VIS) causes a domain gap between facial images, and the variations in pose and emotion also make facial matching more difficult. Heterogeneous face recognition (HFR) has difficulties in domain discrepancy, and many studies have focused on extracting domain-invariant features, such as facial part relational information. However, when pose variation occurs, the facial…
Face recognition in real-time scenarios is mainly affected by illumination, expression and pose variations and also by occlusion. This paper presents the framework for pose adaptive component-based face recognition system. The framework proposed deals with all the above mentioned issues. The steps involved in the presented framework are (i) facial landmark localisation, (ii) facial component extraction, (iii) pre-processing of facial image (iv) facial pose estimation (v) feature extraction using Local Binary Pattern Histograms of each component followed by (vi) fusion of pose adaptive classifi…
KyungPook National University（庆北国立大学）；University of Massachusetts Lowell（马萨诸塞大学洛厄尔分校）
This is a study on facial information analysis technology for estimating gender and age, and poses are estimated using a transformation relationship matrix between the camera coordinate system and the world coordinate system for estimating the pose of a face image. Gender classification was relatively simple compared to age estimation, and age estimation was made possible using deep learning-based facial recognition technology. A comparative CNN was proposed to calculate the experimental results using the purchased database and the public database, and deep learning-based gender classification…
Concatenation of the deep network representations extracted from different facial patches helps to improve face recognition performance. However, the concatenated facial template increases in size and contains redundant information. Previous solutions aim to reduce the dimensionality of the facial template without considering the occlusion pattern of the facial patches. In this paper, we propose an occlusion-guided compact template learning (OGCTL) approach that only uses the information from visible patches to construct the compact template. The compact face representation is not sensitive to…
Imperial College London（帝国理工学院）；University of Twente（特文特大学）
Recently, it was shown that excellent results can be achieved in both face landmark localization and pose-invariant face recognition. These breakthroughs are attributed to the efforts of the community to manually annotate facial images in many different poses and to collect 3D faces data. In this paper, we propose a novel method for joint face landmark localization and frontal face reconstruction (pose correction) using a small set of frontal images only. By observing that the frontal facial image is the one with the minimum rank from all different poses we formulate an appropriate model which…
University of Pisa（比萨大学）；University of Trento（特伦托大学）；Fondazione Bruno Kessler（布鲁诺·凯塞勒基金会）；ETH Zürich（苏黎世联邦理工学院）
We propose AnonyGAN, a GAN-based solution for face anonymisation which replaces the visual information corresponding to a source identity with a condition identity provided as any single image. With the goal to maintain the geometric attributes of the source face, i.e., the facial pose and expression, and to promote more natural face generation, we propose to exploit a Bipartite Graph to explicitly model the relations between the facial landmarks of the source identity and the ones of the condition identity through a deep model. We further propose a landmark attention model to relax the manual…
Nonlinear Dynamical Systems for Automatic Face Annotation in Head Tracking and Pose Estimation
School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley（德克萨斯大学里奥格兰德河谷分校数学与统计科学学院）；MS2Discovery Interdisciplinary Research Institute, Wilfrid Laurier University（劳里埃大学MS2Discovery跨学科研究所）
JD AI（京东人工智能）；Institute of Automation, Chinese Academic of Sciences（中国科学院自动化研究所）；Baidu Inc.（百度公司）；University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学）；Vision and Image Center of Meituan（美团视觉与图像中心）
Facial landmark localization is a very crucial step in numerous face related applications, such as face recognition, facial pose estimation, face image synthesis, etc. However, previous competitions on facial landmark localization (i.e., the 300-W, 300-VW and Menpo challenges) aim to predict 68-point landmarks, which are incompetent to depict the structure of facial components. In order to overcome this problem, we construct a challenging dataset, named JD-landmark. Each image is manually annotated with 106-point landmarks. This dataset covers large variations on pose and expression, which bri…
This study demonstrates how facial biometrics, acquired using multi-spectral sensors, such as RGB, depth, and infrared, assist the data accumulation in the process of authorizing users of automated and semi-automated access systems. This data serves the purposes of person authentication, as well as facial temperature estimation. We utilize depth data taken using an inexpensive RGB-D sensor to find the head pose of a subject. This allows the selection of video frames containing a frontal-view head pose for face recognition and face temperature reading. Usage of the frontal-view frames improves …
Over the course of the last decade, infrared (IR) and particularly thermal IR imaging based face recognition has emerged as a promising complement to conventional, visible spectrum based approaches which continue to struggle when applied in practice. While inherently insensitive to visible spectrum illumination changes, IR data introduces specific challenges of its own, most notably sensitivity to factors which affect facial heat emission patterns, e.g. emotional state, ambient temperature, and alcohol intake. In addition, facial expression and pose changes are more difficult to correct in IR …
Over the course of the last decade, infrared (IR) and particularly thermal IR imaging based face recognition has emerged as a promising complement to conventional, visible spectrum based approaches which continue to struggle when applied in the real world. While inherently insensitive to visible spectrum illumination changes, IR images introduce specific challenges of their own, most notably sensitivity to factors which affect facial heat emission patterns, e.g. emotional state, ambient temperature, and alcohol intake. In addition, facial expression and pose changes are more difficult to corre…
Imperial College London（帝国理工学院）；Shanghai Jiao Tong University（上海交通大学）
The success of most advanced facial expression recognition works relies heavily on large-scale annotated datasets. However, it poses great challenges in acquiring clean and consistent annotations for facial expression datasets. On the other hand, self-supervised contrastive learning has gained great popularity due to its simple yet effective instance discrimination training strategy, which can potentially circumvent the annotation issue. Nevertheless, there remain inherent disadvantages of instance-level discrimination, which are even more challenging when faced with complicated facial represe…
Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur（印度理工学院卡拉格普尔分校）
Automatic recognition of spontaneous facial expressions is a major challenge in the field of affective computing. Head rotation, face pose, illumination variation, occlusion etc. are the attributes that increase the complexity of recognition of spontaneous expressions in practical applications. Effective recognition of expressions depends significantly on the quality of the database used. Most well-known facial expression databases consist of posed expressions. However, currently there is a huge demand for spontaneous expression databases for the pragmatic implementation of the facial expressi…
Over the past few years, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have shown promise on facial expression recognition. However, the performance degrades dramatically under real-world settings due to variations introduced by subtle facial appearance changes, head pose variations, illumination changes, and occlusions. In this paper, a novel island loss is proposed to enhance the discriminative power of the deeply learned features. Specifically, the IL is designed to reduce the intra-class variations while enlarging the inter-class differences simultaneously. Experimental results on four benchmark ex…
Northwestern Polytechnical University（西北工业大学）；University of Nebraska-Lincoln（内布拉斯加大学林肯分校）
Two challenges lie in the facial attractiveness computation research: the lack of true attractiveness labels (scores), and the lack of an accurate face representation. In order to address the first challenge, this paper recasts facial attractiveness computation as a label distribution learning (LDL) problem rather than a traditional single-label supervised learning task. In this way, the negative influence of the label incomplete problem can be reduced. Inspired by the recent promising work in face recognition using deep neural networks to learn effective features, the second challenge is expe…
Sun Yat-sen University（中山大学）；The University of Hong Kong（香港大学）
Facial landmark localization plays a critical role in face recognition and analysis. In this paper, we propose a novel cascaded backbone-branches fully convolutional neural network~(BB-FCN) for rapidly and accurately localizing facial landmarks in unconstrained and cluttered settings. Our proposed BB-FCN generates facial landmark response maps directly from raw images without any preprocessing. BB-FCN follows a coarse-to-fine cascaded pipeline, which consists of a backbone network for roughly detecting the locations of all facial landmarks and one branch network for each type of detected landm…
A recent trend to recognize facial expressions in the real-world scenario is to deploy attention based convolutional neural networks (CNNs) locally to signify the importance of facial regions and, combine it with global facial features and/or other complementary context information for performance gain. However, in the presence of occlusions and pose variations, different channels respond differently, and further that the response intensity of a channel differ across spatial locations. Also, modern facial expression recognition(FER) architectures rely on external sources like landmark detector…
Facial feature detection from facial images has attracted great attention in the field of computer vision. It is a nontrivial task since the appearance and shape of the face tend to change under different conditions. In this paper, we propose a hierarchical probabilistic model that could infer the true locations of facial features given the image measurements even if the face is with significant facial expression and pose. The hierarchical model implicitly captures the lower level shape variations of facial components using the mixture model. Furthermore, in the higher level, it also learns th…
Indian Institute of Information Technology, Lucknow（印度信息技术学院，勒克瑙）；Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad（印度信息技术学院，安拉阿巴德）
Feature description is one of the most frequently studied areas in the expert systems and machine learning. Effective encoding of the images is an essential requirement for accurate matching. These encoding schemes play a significant role in recognition and retrieval systems. Facial recognition systems should be effective enough to accurately recognize individuals under intrinsic and extrinsic variations of the system. The templates or descriptors used in these systems encode spatial relationships of the pixels in the local neighbourhood of an image. Features encoded using these hand crafted d…
Google, Inc.（谷歌公司）；University of Massachusetts Amherst（马萨诸塞大学阿默斯特分校）；MIT CSAIL（麻省理工学院计算机科学与人工智能实验室）
We present a method for synthesizing a frontal, neutral-expression image of a person's face given an input face photograph. This is achieved by learning to generate facial landmarks and textures from features extracted from a facial-recognition network. Unlike previous approaches, our encoding feature vector is largely invariant to lighting, pose, and facial expression. Exploiting this invariance, we train our decoder network using only frontal, neutral-expression photographs. Since these photographs are well aligned, we can decompose them into a sparse set of landmark points and aligned textu…
Facial landmark detection, head pose estimation, and facial deformation analysis are typical facial behavior analysis tasks in computer vision. The existing methods usually perform each task independently and sequentially, ignoring their interactions. To tackle this problem, we propose a unified framework for simultaneous facial landmark detection, head pose estimation, and facial deformation analysis, and the proposed model is robust to facial occlusion. Following a cascade procedure augmented with model-based head pose estimation, we iteratively update the facial landmark locations, facial o…
Wuhan University（武汉大学）；West Virginia University（西弗吉尼亚大学）
Facial expressions of emotion play an important role in human social interactions. However, posed acting is not always the same as genuine feeling. Therefore, the credibility assessment of facial expressions, namely, the discrimination of genuine (spontaneous) expressions from posed(deliberate/volitional/deceptive) ones, is a crucial yet challenging task in facial expression understanding. Rapid progress has been made in recent years for automatic detection of genuine and posed facial expressions. This paper presents a general review of the relevant research, including several spontaneous vs. …
Facial feature tracking is an active area in computer vision due to its relevance to many applications. It is a nontrivial task, since faces may have varying facial expressions, poses or occlusions. In this paper, we address this problem by proposing a face shape prior model that is constructed based on the Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBM) and their variants. Specifically, we first construct a model based on Deep Belief Networks to capture the face shape variations due to varying facial expressions for near-frontal view. To handle pose variations, the frontal face shape prior model is incor…
Multi-scale Dynamic and Hierarchical Relationship Modeling for Facial Action Units Recognition
Computer Vision Institute（计算机视觉研究所）；School of Computer Science & Software Engineering（计算机科学与软件学院）；Shenzhen University（深圳大学）；Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society（深圳市人工智能与机器人研究院）；National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology（大数据系统计算技术国家工程实验室）；Monash University（莫纳什大学）；University of Leicester（莱斯特大学）
FaVChat: Hierarchical Prompt-Query Guided Facial Video Understanding with Data-Efficient GRPO
State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, BUPT（北京邮电大学网络与交换技术国家重点实验室）；Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ)（广东人工智能与数字经济实验室（深圳））；Institute of automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院自动化研究所）；Zhongguancun Academy（中关村学院）；Central South University（中南大学）；Zhejiang University（浙江大学）；College of communication Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University（杭州电子科技大学通信工程学院）
While much progress has been made in capturing high-quality facial performances using motion capture markers and shape-from-shading, high-end systems typically also rely on rotoscope curves hand-drawn on the image. These curves are subjective and difficult to draw consistently; moreover, ad-hoc procedural methods are required for generating matching rotoscope curves on synthetic renders embedded in the optimization used to determine three-dimensional facial pose and expression. We propose an alternative approach whereby these curves and other keypoints are detected automatically on both the im…
CASIA（中国科学院自动化研究所）；University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学）
Facial images in surveillance or mobile scenarios often have large view-point variations in terms of pitch and yaw angles. These jointly occurred angle variations make face recognition challenging. Current public face databases mainly consider the case of yaw variations. In this paper, a new large-scale Multi-yaw Multi-pitch high-quality database is proposed for Facial Pose Analysis (M2FPA), including face frontalization, face rotation, facial pose estimation and pose-invariant face recognition. It contains 397,544 images of 229 subjects with yaw, pitch, attribute, illumination and accessory. …
We describe a method for estimating human head pose in a color image that contains enough of information to locate the head silhouette and detect non-trivial color edges of individual facial features. The method works by spotting the human head on an arbitrary background, extracting the head outline, and locating facial features necessary to describe the head orientation in the 3D space. It is robust enough to work with both color and gray-level images featuring quasi-frontal views of a human head under variable lighting conditions.
Zhongnan University of Economics and Law（中南财经政法大学）；Shenzhen University（深圳大学）；Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society（深圳市人工智能与机器人研究院）；University of Alberta（阿尔伯塔大学）；Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences（波兰科学院系统研究所）；China Three Gorges University（三峡大学）
Current fully-supervised facial landmark detection methods have progressed rapidly and achieved remarkable performance. However, they still suffer when coping with faces under large poses and heavy occlusions for inaccurate facial shape constraints and insufficient labeled training samples. In this paper, we propose a semi-supervised framework, i.e., a Self-Calibrated Pose Attention Network (SCPAN) to achieve more robust and precise facial landmark detection in challenging scenarios. To be specific, a Boundary-Aware Landmark Intensity (BALI) field is proposed to model more effective facial sha…
Hierarchical Anti-Aesthetics: Protecting Facial Privacy against Customized Diffusion Models
School of Intelligence Science and Technology, Nanjing University（南京大学智能科学与技术学院）；China Mobile Information Technology Co., Ltd.（中国移动信息科技有限公司）；State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems (MAIS), Center for Research on Intelligent Perception and Computing (CRIPAC), Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences (CASIA)（多模态人工智能系统国家重点实验室（MAIS）、智能感知与计算研究中心（CRIPAC）、中国科学院自动化研究所（CASIA））
Wuhan University of Technology（武汉理工大学）；Griffith University（格里菲斯大学）
Robust facial landmark localization remains a challenging task when faces are partially occluded. Recently, the cascaded pose regression has attracted increasing attentions, due to it's superior performance in facial landmark localization and occlusion detection. However, such an approach is sensitive to initialization, where an improper initialization can severly degrade the performance. In this paper, we propose a Robust Initialization for Cascaded Pose Regression (RICPR) by providing texture and pose correlated initial shapes for the testing face. By examining the correlation of local binar…
Beihang University（北京航空航天大学）；University of Electronic Science and Technology（电子科技大学）；Nanyang Technological University（南洋理工大学）；Rutgers University（罗格斯大学）
In this paper, we propose a generative framework that unifies depth-based 3D facial pose tracking and face model adaptation on-the-fly, in the unconstrained scenarios with heavy occlusions and arbitrary facial expression variations. Specifically, we introduce a statistical 3D morphable model that flexibly describes the distribution of points on the surface of the face model, with an efficient switchable online adaptation that gradually captures the identity of the tracked subject and rapidly constructs a suitable face model when the subject changes. Moreover, unlike prior art that employed ICP…
Purdue University（普渡大学）；Rochester Institute of Technology（罗切斯特理工学院）；Meta AI
Facial pose estimation refers to the task of predicting face orientation from a single RGB image. It is an important research topic with a wide range of applications in computer vision. Label distribution learning (LDL) based methods have been recently proposed for facial pose estimation, which achieve promising results. However, there are two major issues in existing LDL methods. First, the expectations of label distributions are biased, leading to a biased pose estimation. Second, fixed distribution parameters are applied for all learning samples, severely limiting the model capability. In t…
Northeastern University（东北大学）；Universitat Oberta de Catalunya（加泰罗尼亚开放大学）
This paper presents Hierarchical Network Dissection, a general pipeline to interpret the internal representation of face-centric inference models. Using a probabilistic formulation, our pipeline pairs units of the model with concepts in our "Face Dictionary", a collection of facial concepts with corresponding sample images. Our pipeline is inspired by Network Dissection, a popular interpretability model for object-centric and scene-centric models. However, our formulation allows to deal with two important challenges of face-centric models that Network Dissection cannot address: (1) spacial ove…
Facial landmark localization aims to detect the predefined points of human faces, and the topic has been rapidly improved with the recent development of neural network based methods. However, it remains a challenging task when dealing with faces in unconstrained scenarios, especially with large pose variations. In this paper, we target the problem of facial landmark localization across large poses and address this task based on a split-and-aggregate strategy. To split the search space, we propose a set of anchor templates as references for regression, which well addresses the large variations …
State University of New York at Binghamton（纽约州立大学宾汉姆顿分校）
Emotion is an experience associated with a particular pattern of physiological activity along with different physiological, behavioral and cognitive changes. One behavioral change is facial expression, which has been studied extensively over the past few decades. Facial behavior varies with a person's emotion according to differences in terms of culture, personality, age, context, and environment. In recent years, physiological activities have been used to study emotional responses. A typical signal is the electroencephalogram (EEG), which measures brain activity. Most of existing EEG-based em…
