arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1905.09501stat.CO
收藏

贝叶斯项目反应模型在R与brms和斯坦

Bayesian Item Response Modeling in R with brms and Stan

Paul-Christian Bürkner

摘要:

项目反应理论(IRT)被广泛应用于人类科学中,以模拟人们对一组测量一个或多个潜在结构的项目的反应。虽然已经开发了几个实现IRT模型的R包,但它们往往局限于各自预先指定的模型类。此外,大多数实现都是频率论的,而贝叶斯方法的可用性仍然有限。我们演示了如何使用R包BRMS与概率编程语言Stan一起使用灵活直观的多级公式语法来指定和拟合各种贝叶斯IRT模型。此外,物品和人参数可以以线性或非线性方式相关。支持分类、有序和连续响应的各种分布。用户甚至可以定义他们自己的自定义响应分布,以便在所呈现的框架中使用。可以在本框架中本地指定的常见IRT模型类包括1PL和2PL逻辑模型,可选地还包含猜测参数,分级响应和部分信用顺序模型,以及响应时间的漂移扩散模型与二进制决策。可以方便地提取和后处理项目和个人参数的后验分布。可以使用贝叶斯因子和有效的交叉验证程序来评估和比较模型拟合。

英文摘要:

Item Response Theory (IRT) is widely applied in the human sciences to model persons' responses on a set of items measuring one or more latent constructs. While several R packages have been developed that implement IRT models, they tend to be restricted to respective prespecified classes of models. Further, most implementations are frequentist while the availability of Bayesian methods remains comparably limited. We demonstrate how to use the R package brms together with the probabilistic programming language Stan to specify and fit a wide range of Bayesian IRT models using flexible and intuitive multilevel formula syntax. Further, item and person parameters can be related in both a linear or non-linear manner. Various distributions for categorical, ordinal, and continuous responses are supported. Users may even define their own custom response distribution for use in the presented framework. Common IRT model classes that can be specified natively in the presented framework include 1PL and 2PL logistic models optionally also containing guessing parameters, graded response and partial credit ordinal models, as well as drift diffusion models of response times coupled with binary decisions. Posterior distributions of item and person parameters can be conveniently extracted and post-processed. Model fit can be evaluated and compared using Bayes factors and efficient cross-validation procedures.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑