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arXiv 2412.03484stat.MEstat.AP

贝叶斯分层模型探索性建模分析的可视化

Visualisation for Exploratory Modelling Analysis of Bayesian Hierarchical Models

Oluwayomi Akinfenwa, Niamh Cahill, Catherine Hurley

AI总结:

针对贝叶斯分层模型开发中结构选择的挑战,本文提出基于稳健原则的新型可视化方法,通过参数/超参数比较多模型,结合PISA数据案例验证其能辅助模型选择并增强决策合理性。

摘要:

在开发贝叶斯分层模型时,选择最合适的分层结构可能是一项具有挑战性的任务,而可视化在这一背景下仍是一种未被充分利用的工具。本文考虑了在数据空间中展示分层模型的可视化方法,并通过参数和超参数估计比较多个模型集合。具体而言,为辅助模型选择,我们提出了新的可视化方法,以探索贝叶斯分层建模结构的选择如何影响参数分布。这些可视化基于一套稳健的原则设计,可提供更丰富的比较,超越了通常使用的传统图表和数值摘要。作为案例研究,我们调查了使用brms R包(Stan的高级贝叶斯建模接口)拟合的五个贝叶斯分层模型,以对PISA(国际学生评估项目)数据库中的国家数学趋势进行建模。我们的案例研究表明,通过遵循这些原则,研究人员可以创建可视化,不仅有助于他们在贝叶斯分层模型结构之间做出更明智的选择,还能使他们有效传达这些选择的理由。

英文摘要:

When developing Bayesian hierarchical models, selecting the most appropriate hierarchical structure can be a challenging task, and visualisation remains an underutilised tool in this context. In this paper, we consider visualisations for the display of hierarchical models in data space and compare a collection of multiple models via their parameters and hyper-parameter estimates. Specifically, with the aim of aiding model choice, we propose new visualisations to explore how the choice of Bayesian hierarchical modelling structure impacts parameter distributions. The visualisations are designed using a robust set of principles to provide richer comparisons that extend beyond the conventional plots and numerical summaries typically used. As a case study, we investigate five Bayesian hierarchical models fit using the brms R package, a high-level interface to Stan for Bayesian modelling, to model country mathematics trends from the PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) database. Our case study demonstrates that by adhering to these principles, researchers can create visualisations that not only help them make more informed choices between Bayesian hierarchical model structures but also enable them to effectively communicate the rationale for those choices.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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