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arXiv 1905.09474q-fin.CPq-fin.PR
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高维马尔可夫和非马尔可夫模型下美式期权定价的机器学习

Machine Learning for Pricing American Options in High-Dimensional Markovian and non-Markovian models

Ludovic Goudenège, Andrea Molent, Antonino Zanette

摘要:

在本文中,我们提出了两种有效的技术,可以计算美式一篮子期权的价格。特别是,我们考虑一篮子资产,遵循多维Black-Scholes动态。所提出的技术,称为GPR树(GRP-Tree)和GPR精确积分(GPR-EI),都是基于机器学习,利用二叉树或一个封闭的公式进行整合。此外,这两种方法解决了向后动态规划问题考虑了一个美式期权的达旦近似。在行权日,期权的价值首先被计算为行权价值和延续价值之间的最大值,然后通过高斯过程回归来近似。这两种方法的主要区别在于计算延拓值的方法不同:根据过程的概率密度,一步二叉树或积分。数值结果表明,这两种方法在处理大篮子资产的美式期权时是准确可靠的。此外,我们还考虑了粗糙Bergomi模型,它提供了随机波动率的记忆。尽管这个模型只是二维的,但整个过程的历史都会影响价格,处理所有这些信息并不明显。为此,我们提出了如何适应GPR-Tree和GPR-EI方法,我们专注于定价美式期权在这个非马尔可夫框架。

英文摘要:

In this paper we propose two efficient techniques which allow one to compute the price of American basket options. In particular, we consider a basket of assets that follow a multi-dimensional Black-Scholes dynamics. The proposed techniques, called GPR Tree (GRP-Tree) and GPR Exact Integration (GPR-EI), are both based on Machine Learning, exploited together with binomial trees or with a closed formula for integration. Moreover, these two methods solve the backward dynamic programming problem considering a Bermudan approximation of the American option. On the exercise dates, the value of the option is first computed as the maximum between the exercise value and the continuation value and then approximated by means of Gaussian Process Regression. The two methods mainly differ in the approach used to compute the continuation value: a single step of binomial tree or integration according to the probability density of the process. Numerical results show that these two methods are accurate and reliable in handling American options on very large baskets of assets. Moreover we also consider the rough Bergomi model, which provides stochastic volatility with memory. Despite this model is only bidimensional, the whole history of the process impacts on the price, and handling all this information is not obvious at all. To this aim, we present how to adapt the GPR-Tree and GPR-EI methods and we focus on pricing American options in this non-Markovian framework.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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