无差别电磁模：束缚态和拓扑
Indifferent electromagnetic modes: bound states and topology
摘要：
在零能量时，狄拉克方程有有趣的行为。自旋上和自旋下模式的数量的不对称性由系统所处的空间和规范场的拓扑结构决定。电磁学中也有类似的现象。写麦克斯韦方程组在一个类似迪拉克的形式，我们确定的情况下，材料参数起着能量的作用。因此，在零能量下，我们发现电磁模式与材料参数的局部变化无关，仅取决于它们在无穷远处的渐进值。我们给出了几个例子，并表明，这一理论的影响，非厄米介质，在那里它可以用来构建介电常数的配置文件，要么是无反射的，或作为相干完美的吸收器，或激光。
英文摘要：
At zero energy the Dirac equation has interesting behaviour. The asymmetry in the number of spin up and spin down modes is determined by the topology of both space and the gauge field in which the system sits. An analogous phenomenon also occurs in electromagnetism. Writing Maxwell's equations in a Dirac-like form, we identify cases where a material parameter plays the role of energy. At zero energy we thus find electromagnetic modes that are indifferent to local changes in the material parameters, depending only on their asymptotic values at infinity. We give several examples, and show that this theory has implications for non-Hermitian media, where it can be used to construct permittivity profiles that are either reflectionless, or act as coherent perfect absorbers, or lasers.
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