隐藏在阴影中的黑洞模仿者：$γ$度规的光学性质
Black hole mimicker hiding in the shadow: Optical properties of the $γ$-metric
摘要：
对"阴影"的观察能让我们区分黑洞和更奇特的致密物体吗？我们研究一类真空静态轴对称时空中光子的运动，这种时空通过一个参数的值与史瓦西度规连续联系，这个参数可以被解释为源变形的度量。我们调查的透镜效应和阴影所产生的源，比较预期的图像与史瓦西黑洞的阴影的目的。在天体物理学黑洞的背景下，我们发现，它可能是不可能区分一个外来源与小变形参数的黑洞。然而，随着变形的增加，会出现明显的效果。因此，未来对天体物理学黑洞候选者阴影的更精确测量原则上将允许对物体偏离球对称性施加限制。
英文摘要：
Can the observation of the "shadow" allow us to distinguish a black hole from a more exotic compact object? We study the motion of photons in a class of vacuum static axially-symmetric space-times that is continuously linked to the Schwarzschild metric through the value of one parameter that can be interpreted as a measure of the deformation of the source. We investigate the lensing effect and shadow produced by the source with the aim of comparing the expected image with the shadow of a Schwarzschild black hole. In the context of astrophysical black holes we found that it may not be possible to distinguish an exotic source with small deformation parameter from a black hole. However, as the deformation increases noticeable effects arise. Therefore, the future more precise measurement of the shadow of astrophysical black hole candidates would in principle allow to put constraints on the deviation of the object from spherical symmetry.
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