超强磁场中的QED现象。I.电子-光子散射、对的产生和湮灭
QED Phenomena in an Ultrastrong Magnetic Field. I. Electron-Photon Scattering, Pair Creation, and Annihilation
摘要：
我们评估了几个基本的电动力学过程的存在下修改了一个非常强的磁场，超过$B_{\rm Q} \equiv m^2/e = 4.4\times 10^{13}$ G。这些结果是建立磁星和其他中子星外耗散现象模型所必需的。微分和总截面和速率的电子-光子散射，湮灭的电子-正电子对成两个光子，双光子对创建的逆过程，和单光子对创建到最低的朗道状态。这些相互作用的相对重要性随着背景磁场强度的增加而改变。与给定过程相关的粒子相空间可能受到单光子对产生的限制，这也为对倍增开辟了有效的通道，例如与散射相结合。我们的结果是在紧凑的公式，允许相对论电子（正电子）运动的形式，在该制度中，朗道激发可以忽略不计（对应于$10^3B_{\rm Q} \gg B \gg B_{\rm Q}$适度相对论运动沿磁场）。在直接比较是可能的，我们的结果进行了测试，对早期的计算，并提供了一个简短的天体物理背景。另一篇论文考虑了电子-正电子散射、电子和正电子被离子散射以及相对论性电子-离子韧致辐射。
英文摘要：
We evaluate several basic electrodynamic processes as modified by the presence of a very strong magnetic field, exceeding $B_{\rm Q} \equiv m^2/e = 4.4\times 10^{13}$ G. These results are needed to build models of dissipative phenomena outside magnetars and some other neutron stars. Differential and total cross sections and rates are presented for electron-photon scattering, the annihilation of an electron-positron pair into two photons, the inverse process of two-photon pair creation, and single-photon pair creation into the lowest Landau state. The relative importance of these interactions changes as the background magnetic field grows in strength. The particle phase space relevant for a given process may be restricted by single-photon pair creation, which also opens up efficient channels for pair multiplication, e.g. in combination with scattering. Our results are presented in the form of compact formulae that allow for relativistic electron (positron) motion, in the regime where Landau excitations can be neglected (corresponding to $10^3B_{\rm Q} \gg B \gg B_{\rm Q}$ for moderately relativistic motion along the magnetic field). Where a direct comparison is possible, our results are tested against earlier calculations, and a brief astrophysical context is provided. A companion paper considers electron-positron scattering, scattering of electrons and positrons by ions, and relativistic electron-ion bremsstrahlung.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
