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arXiv 1904.02571physics.class-ph
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托马斯旋转对电磁场洛伦兹变换的影响

Effect of Thomas Rotation on the Lorentz Transformation of Electromagnetic fields

Lakshya Malhotra, Robert Golub, Eva Kraegeloh, Nima Nouri, Bradley Plaster

摘要:

一个相对论性粒子经历连续的非共线的助推,它的坐标轴将相对于助推坐标系旋转。这种坐标轴的旋转是由相对论现象引起的,称为托马斯旋转。我们评估托马斯旋转的重要性,在计算的物理量,如电磁场在相对论制度。我们在粒子静止系和实验室系中计算了一般三维连续助推的电磁场张量。然后,我们比较了电磁场张量的直接提升$\vecβ + δ\vecβ$和连续提升$\vecβ$和$Δ\vecβ$,并检查其与托马斯旋转的一致性。这个框架可能是重要的情况下,如计算的频率移动的相对论自旋1/2粒子经历拉莫尔进动的电磁场与小的场不均匀性。

英文摘要:

A relativistic particle undergoing successive boosts which are non collinear will experience a rotation of its coordinate axes with respect to the boosted frame. This rotation of coordinate axes is caused by a relativistic phenomenon called Thomas Rotation. We assess the importance of Thomas rotation in the calculation of physical quantities like electromagnetic fields in the relativistic regime. We calculate the electromagnetic field tensor for general three dimensional successive boosts in the particle's rest frame as well as the laboratory frame. We then compare the electromagnetic field tensors obtained by a direct boost $\vecβ + δ\vecβ$ and successive boosts $\vecβ$ and $Δ\vecβ$ and check their consistency with Thomas rotation. This framework might be important to situations such as the calculation of frequency shifts for relativistic spin-1/2 particles undergoing Larmor precession in electromagnetic fields with small field non-uniformities.

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