布鲁克斯定律解读之四--群体发展心理学视角
A fourth explanation to Brooks' Law - The aspect of group developmental psychology
摘要：
Brooks定律在实践中经常被引用，它指出在后期的软件项目中增加人力会使其更晚。Brooks自己给出了三种解释，只涉及具体的任务相关问题，比如向新成员介绍正在完成的工作，通信开销，或者难以划分一些编程任务。通过对群体发展心理学的描述，我们提出了对该定律的第四种解释，即当新成员加入时，群体将回落到其群体发展中，从而导致重新制定群体规范、群体目标、定义角色等，这些也将随着时间的推移而改变。我们表明，这第四个解释是很重要的，当试图理解布鲁克斯定律，并增加组发展的角度可能有助于软件开发组织在管理项目。
英文摘要：
Brooks' Law is often referred to in practice and states that adding manpower to a late software project makes it even later. Brooks' himself gave three explanation only related to concrete task-related issues, like introducing new members to the work being done, communication overheads, or difficulty dividing some programming tasks. Through a description of group developmental psychology we argue for a fourth explanation to the law by suggesting that the group will fall back in its group development when new members are added, resulting in rework setting group norms, group goals, defining roles etc. that will also change over time. We show that this fourth explanation is important when trying to understanding Brooks' Law, and that adding the group developmental perspective might help software development organizations in managing projects.
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