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arXiv 1903.06641cond-mat.mes-hall
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石墨烯基异质结构中的共振光学二次谐波

Resonant optical second harmonic generation in graphene-based heterostructures

M. Vandelli, M. I. Katsnelson, E. A. Stepanov

摘要:

光学二次谐波产生(SHG)允许探测材料的各种结构和与材料相关的性质,因为它对系统中的反转对称性破缺敏感。在这里,我们调查的SHG响应单层石墨烯绝缘六方氮化硼(hBN)和碳化硅(SiC)基板上。所考虑的系统所描述的非相互作用的紧束缚模型与质量项,它描述了一个非等价的两个亚晶格的石墨烯时,后者被放置在基板上。所得的SHG信号线性地依赖于反转对称性破缺的程度(质量项的值),并且揭示了与带隙、范霍夫奇点和带宽相关联的几个共振。施加均匀磁场可以避免区分来自所考虑的异质结和环境(绝缘衬底)的SHG信号的困难。后者在能谱中产生朗道能级,并导致SHG谱中的多重共振。这些共振的位置明确地取决于质量项的值。我们表明,在低于衬底的带隙的能量下,来自大量石墨烯的SHG信号在所施加的磁场的物理相关值处变得共振,而来自环境的SHG响应保持非共振。

英文摘要:

An optical Second-Harmonic Generation (SHG) allows to probe various structural and symmetry-related properties of materials, since it is sensitive to the inversion symmetry breaking in the system. Here, we investigate the SHG response from a single layer of graphene disposed on an insulating hexagonal Boron Nitride (hBN) and Silicon Carbide (SiC) substrates. The considered systems are described by a non-interacting tight-binding model with a mass term, which describes a non-equivalence of two sublattices of graphene when the latter is placed on a substrate. The resulting SHG signal linearly depends on the degree of the inversion symmetry breaking (value of the mass term) and reveals several resonances associated with the band gap, van Hove singularity, and band width. The difficulty in distinguishing between SHG signals coming from the considered heterostrusture and environment (insulating substrate) can be avoided applying a homogeneous magnetic field. The latter creates Landau levels in the energy spectrum and leads to multiple resonances in the SHG spectrum. Position of these resonances explicitly depends on the value of the mass term. We show that at energies below the band-gap of the substrate the SHG signal from the massive graphene becomes resonant at physically relevant values of the applied magnetic field, while the SHG response from the environment stays off-resonant.

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