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arXiv 1903.04540astro-ph.COastro-ph.IM
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EDGES低波段谱中的红移21厘米信号

The redshifted 21-cm signal in the EDGES low-band spectrum

Saurabh Singh, Ravi Subrahmanyan

摘要:

EDGES合作报告了在78 MHz的射电背景中发现了一个意想不到的深吸收,并将其解释为第一次检测到来自宇宙黎明的红移21厘米。我们尝试了另一种分析,采用最大平滑函数方法来建模前景。使用这样的函数与平坦化的吸收轮廓一起对光谱进行联合拟合,产生$921 \pm 35$ mK的最佳拟合吸收幅度。由EDGES分析推断的21厘米吸收深度需要在宇宙黎明中调用非标准宇宙学或新物理学或新来源,这种与公认模型的紧张关系因我们的分析而加剧,表明吸收深度更大。或者,假设存在残留的未建模系统正弦特征,则测量的光谱可以同样良好地拟合,并且我们通过检查任何额外的21 cm信号来进一步探索这种可能性。然后,数据支持具有振幅$133 \pm 60$ mK、半功率$9 \pm 3$ MHz处的最佳宽度和中心频率$72.5 \pm 0.8$ MHz的高斯模型参数的吸收。我们还检查了测量光谱与合理的红移21 cm模型的一致性:Cohen等人2017年全球21 cm图谱中的265个轮廓中的3个受到光谱的青睐。我们的结论是,EDGES数据可能是符合标准的宇宙学和天体物理学,没有调用多余的无线电背景或重子-暗物质相互作用。

英文摘要:

The EDGES collaboration reported the finding of an unexpectedly deep absorption in the radio background at 78 MHz and interpreted the dip as a first detection of redshifted 21-cm from Cosmic Dawn. We have attempted an alternate analysis, adopting a maximally smooth function approach to model the foreground. A joint fit to the spectrum using such a function together with a flattened absorption profile yields a best fit absorption amplitude of $921 \pm 35$ mK. The depth of the 21-cm absorption inferred by the EDGES analysis required invoking non-standard cosmology or new physics or new sources at Cosmic Dawn and this tension with accepted models is compounded by our analysis that suggests absorption of greater depth. Alternatively, the measured spectrum may be equally-well fit assuming that there exists a residual unmodeled systematic sinusoidal feature and we explore this possibility further by examining for any additional 21-cm signal. The data then favors an absorption with Gaussian model parameters of amplitude $133 \pm 60$ mK, best width at half-power $9 \pm 3$ MHz and center frequency $72.5 \pm 0.8$ MHz. We also examine the consistency of the measured spectrum with plausible redshifted 21-cm models: a set of 3 of the 265 profiles in the global 21-cm atlas of Cohen et al. 2017 are favored by the spectrum. We conclude that the EDGES data may be consistent with standard cosmology and astrophysics, without invoking excess radio backgrounds or baryon-dark matter interactions.

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