A Machine Learning Dataset Prepared From the NASA Solar Dynamics Observatory Mission
New York University(纽约大学);University of Michigan(密歇根大学);Lockheed Martin Solar & Astrophysics Laboratory(洛克希德·马丁太阳与天体物理实验室);SETI Institute(搜寻地外文明研究所);University of Oxford(牛津大学);Southwest Research Institute(西南研究院);Stanford University(斯坦福大学);University of Glasgow(格拉斯哥大学);NASA Goddard Space Flight Center(美国国家航空航天局戈达德太空飞行中心);University of Amsterdam(阿姆斯特丹大学)
Richard Galvez, David F. Fouhey, Meng Jin, Alexandre Szenicer, Andrés Muñoz-Jaramillo, Mark C. M. Cheung, Paul J. Wright, Monica G. Bobra, Yang Liu, James Mason, Rajat Thomas
In this paper we present a curated dataset from the NASA Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) mission in a format suitable for machine learning research. Beginning from level 1 scientific products we have processed various instrumental corrections, downsampled to manageable spatial and temporal resolutions, and synchronized observations spatially and temporally. We illustrate the use of this dataset with two example applications: forecasting future EVE irradiance from present EVE irradiance and translating HMI observations into AIA observations. For each application we provide metrics and baselines for future model comparison. We anticipate this curated dataset will facilitate machine learning research in heliophysics and the physical sciences generally, increasing the scientific return of the SDO mission. This work is a direct result of the 2018 NASA Frontier Development Laboratory Program. Please see the appendix for access to the dataset.
A Machine-Learning-Ready Dataset Prepared from the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory Mission
Center for Mathematics and Computer Science(数学与计算机科学中心);W.W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Stanford University(斯坦福大学W.W.汉森实验物理实验室);US Naval Research Laboratory(美国海军研究实验室);CIRES, University of Colorado, Boulder(科罗拉多大学博尔德分校CIRES);NOAA, Space Weather Prediction Center(美国国家海洋和大气管理局空间天气预测中心)
SynthIA: A Synthetic Inversion Approximation for the Stokes Vector Fusing SDO and Hinode into a Virtual Observatory
University of Michigan(密歇根大学);NASA GSFC(美国国家航空航天局戈达德太空飞行中心);NorthWest Research Associates(西北研究协会);Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics Laboratory(洛克希德·马丁太阳与天体物理实验室);Stanford University(斯坦福大学)
Evidence for and Analysis of Multiple Hidden Coronal Strands in Cross-Sectional Emission Profiles: Further Results from NASA's High-resolution Solar Coronal Imager
Multi-Stranded Coronal Loops: Quantifying Strand Number and Heating Frequency from Simulated Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) Observations
A Foundation Model for the Solar Dynamics Observatory
University of Cambridge(剑桥大学);University of Central Lancashire(中央兰开夏大学);Universidad Industrial de Santander(桑坦德工业大学);Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies(都柏林高等研究院);Pure Storage(Pure Storage公司);AE Studio(AE工作室);University of Tokyo(东京大学);Trillium Technologies Inc(Trillium技术公司);University of Oxford(牛津大学)
Observables Processing for the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager Instrument on the Solar Dynamics Observatory
美国宇航局的太阳动力学天文台(SDO)于2010年2月11日发射升空,船上有3台仪器,包括日震和磁成像仪(HMI)。自2010年5月1日开始正常运行以来,HMI几乎不间断地观测到太阳的整个可见圆盘。HMI收集了两台4096 x 4096相机以固定节奏拍摄的偏振滤波图序列,从中计算出光球观测值的角秒分辨率地图:视线(LoS)速度和磁场,连续强度,线宽,线深,以及斯托克斯偏振参数,I Q U V,6个波长。在斯坦福大学SDO联合科学运营中心(JSOC)实现的两个处理管道从校准的1级滤波图计算可观测量。一个每45秒生成LoS量,另一个主要针对矢量磁场,以720秒的节奏计算平均值。对静态和随时间变化的CCD特性、坏像素、图像对准和失真、偏振不规则性、滤波器元件的不确定性和不均匀性以及太阳航天器的速度进行了校正。本报告解释了影响结果物理量的问题,描述了定期更新对仪器校准的影响,并显示了如何针对实际HMI观察优化计算。在SDO主要任务的5年期间,定期校准序列被用于定期改进和更新仪器校准并监测仪器变化。该仪器在数据质量和连续性方面超过了原始规格。这里所述的程序仍有很大的改进余地。其余最重要的系统误差与航天器轨道速度有关。
NASA's Pandora SmallSat Mission: Simulated Modeling and Retrieval of Near-Infrared Exoplanet Transmission Spectra
Space Science Institute(空间科学研究所);Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory(劳伦斯利弗莫尔国家实验室);School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University(亚利桑那州立大学地球与空间探索学院);Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology(麻省理工学院地球、大气与行星科学系);Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology(麻省理工学院卡弗里天体物理与空间研究研究所);NASA Goddard Space Flight Center(美国宇航局戈达德太空飞行中心);Steward Observatory, The University of Arizona(亚利桑那大学斯图尔德天文台);Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, The University of Arizona(亚利桑那大学月球与行星实验室)
Paving the Road to the Habitable Worlds Observatory with High-Resolution Imaging I: New and Archival Speckle Observations of Potential HWO Target Stars
NASA Ames Research Center(美国国家航空航天局艾姆斯研究中心);NASA Exoplanet Science Institute, IPAC, California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院IPAC NASA系外行星科学研究所);Mount Holyoke College(芒特霍利奥克学院);Bay Area Environmental Research Institute(湾区环境研究所);NSF NOIRLab(美国国家光学红外天文研究实验室);International Gemini Observatory/ NSF NOIRLab(国际双子星观测台/美国国家光学红外天文研究实验室);Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院喷气推进实验室);Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai’i(夏威夷大学天体物理研究所);NASA Goddard Space Flight Center(美国国家航空航天局戈达德太空飞行中心)
Auto-Calibration of Remote Sensing Solar Telescopes with Deep Learning
NASA Frontier Development Lab(美国国家航空航天局前沿发展实验室);Rosseland Center for Solar Physics(罗瑟兰太阳物理中心);University of Oslo(奥斯陆大学);IQVIA(艾昆纬);CUA-IACS, NASA-GSFC(美国天主教大学-美国国家航空航天局戈达德太空飞行中心天体物理学跨学科联盟);Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics Laboratory(洛克希德·马丁太阳与天体物理实验室);Stanford University(斯坦福大学);Institut d’Astrophysique Spatiale(空间天体物理研究所);Université Paris-Sud(巴黎第十一大学);University of Oxford(牛津大学);SETI(搜寻地外文明研究所)