利用mHz引力波进行多信使科学研究的机会
Multimessenger science opportunities with mHz gravitational waves
摘要：
LISA将向天文学界开放兆赫频段的引力波（GW）。强大的引力为这个波段的各种GW源提供动力，在当前天文学前沿的一些重要天体物理过程中也至关重要。这些范围从早期宇宙结构形成的开始，通过大质量黑洞的起源和宇宙演化与它们的星系环境，到银河系和附近星系中恒星残余双星的演化。这些过程及其相关群体也推动了电磁（EM）频谱上当前和未来的观测。我们回顾了科学突破的机会，涉及直接重合EM+GW观测，或间接多信使研究。我们认为，为了使美国社会充分利用LISA任务带来的机会，美国的努力应该伴随着一个协调和持续的多学科科学投资计划，遵循GW数据对天体物理学广泛领域的影响。对与LISA有关的多信使观测者和理论家的支持，应与旗舰观测站的规模相适应，并可通过专门的mHz GW研究中心进行协调。
英文摘要：
LISA will open the mHz band of gravitational waves (GWs) to the astronomy community. The strong gravity which powers the variety of GW sources in this band is also crucial in a number of important astrophysical processes at the current frontiers of astronomy. These range from the beginning of structure formation in the early universe, through the origin and cosmic evolution of massive black holes in concert with their galactic environments, to the evolution of stellar remnant binaries in the Milky Way and in nearby galaxies. These processes and their associated populations also drive current and future observations across the electromagnetic (EM) spectrum. We review opportunities for science breakthroughs, involving either direct coincident EM+GW observations, or indirect multimessenger studies. We argue that for the US community to fully capitalize on the opportunities from the LISA mission, the US efforts should be accompanied by a coordinated and sustained program of multi-disciplinary science investment, following the GW data through to its impact on broad areas of astrophysics. Support for LISA-related multimessenger observers and theorists should be sized appropriately for a flagship observatory and may be coordinated through a dedicated mHz GW research center.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
