高温超导体西向热点的浅水磁流体动力学研究
Shallow-water Magnetohydrodynamics for Westward Hotspots on Hot Jupiters
摘要：
现在已经推断出两个热彗星（HJ）的西风：HAT-P-7b和CoRoT-2b。这种观测可能是一些物理现象的结果，如云的不对称性，异步旋转或磁场。对于较热的HJs，磁场是一个明显的候选者，尽管实际的机制仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们表明，一个强大的环形磁场导致行星尺度的赤道磁开尔文波的结构剪切，因为它的旅行，导致向西倾斜的涡流，这驱动器从他们的东向流体动力学对应的赤道风逆转。使用我们的简化模型，我们估计，赤道风的HAT-P-7 b将扭转行星偶极子磁场强度$B_{\text{dip},\text{HAT-P-7b}} \gtrsim 6 \, \mathrm{G} $，这一结果是一致的三维磁流体动力学模拟和低于典型的表面偶极子估计膨胀HJ。同样的分析表明，逆转CoRoT-2b风所需的最小偶极子场强为$B_{\text{dip},\text{CoRoT-2b}} \gtrsim 3 \, \mathrm{kG}$，这大大超过了对HJ最大表面偶极子强度的估计。因此，我们得出结论，我们的磁波驱动机制为HAT-P-7b上的风逆转提供了解释;然而，其他物理现象为CoRoT-2b上的风逆转提供了更合理的解释。
英文摘要：
Westward winds have now been inferred for two hot Jupiters (HJs): HAT-P-7b and CoRoT-2b. Such observations could be the result of a number of physical phenomena such as cloud asymmetries, asynchronous rotation, or magnetic fields. For the hotter HJs magnetic fields are an obvious candidate, though the actual mechanism remains poorly understood. Here we show that a strong toroidal magnetic field causes the planetary-scale equatorial magneto-Kelvin wave to structurally shear as it travels, resulting in westward tilting eddies, which drive a reversal of the equatorial winds from their eastward hydrodynamic counterparts. Using our simplified model we estimate that the equatorial winds of HAT-P-7b would reverse for a planetary dipole field strength $B_{\text{dip},\text{HAT-P-7b}} \gtrsim 6 \, \mathrm{G} $, a result that is consistent with three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations and lies below typical surface dipole estimates of inflated HJs. The same analysis suggests the minimum dipole field strength required to reverse the winds of CoRoT-2b is $B_{\text{dip},\text{CoRoT-2b}} \gtrsim 3 \, \mathrm{kG}$, which considerably exceeds estimates of the maximum surface dipole strength for HJs. We hence conclude that our magnetic wave-driven mechanism provides an explanation for wind reversals on HAT-P-7b; however, other physical phenomena provide more plausible explanations for wind reversals on CoRoT-2b.
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