We present a method for generating suites of dark-matter halo catalogs with only a few $N$-body simulations, focusing on making small changes to the underlying cosmology of a simulation with high precision. In the context of blind challenges, this allows us to reuse a simulation by giving it a new cosmology after the original cosmology is revealed. Starting with full $N$-body realizations of an original cosmology and a target cosmology, we fit a transfer function that displaces halos in the original so that the galaxy/HOD power spectrum matches that of the target cosmology. This measured transfer function can then be applied to a new realization of the original cosmology to create a new realization of the target cosmology. For a 1% change in $σ_8$, we achieve 0.1% accuracy to $k = 1h\,\mathrm{Mpc}^{-1}$ in the real-space power spectrum; this degrades to 0.3% when the transfer function is applied to a new realization. We achieve similar accuracy in the redshift-space monopole and quadrupole. In all cases, the result is better than the sample variance of our $1.1h^{-1}\,\mathrm{Gpc}$ simulation boxes.
The concept of blind analysis, a key procedure to remove the human-based systematic error called confirmation bias, has long been an integral part of data analysis in many research areas. In cosmology, blind analysis is recently making its entrance, as the field progresses into a fully fledged high-precision science. The credibility, reliability and robustness of results from future sky-surveys will dramatically increase if the effect of confirmation bias is kept under control by using an appropriate blinding procedure. Here, we present a catalog-level blinding scheme for galaxy clustering dat…
Strong gravitational lenses with measured time delays between the multiple images allow a direct measurement of the time-delay distance to the lens, and thus a measure of cosmological parameters, particularly the Hubble constant, $H_{0}$. We present a blind lens model analysis of the quadruply-imaged quasar lens HE 0435-1223 using deep Hubble Space Telescope imaging, updated time-delay measurements from the COSmological MOnitoring of GRAvItational Lenses (COSMOGRAIL), a measurement of the velocity dispersion of the lens galaxy based on Keck data, and a characterization of the mass distribution…
An accurate theoretical template for the galaxy power spectrum is a key for the success of ongoing and future spectroscopic surveys. We examine to what extent the Effective Field Theory of Large Scale Structure is able to provide such a template and correctly estimate cosmological parameters. To that end, we initiate a blinded challenge to infer cosmological parameters from the redshift-space power spectrum of high-resolution mock catalogs mimicking the BOSS galaxy sample but covering a hundred times larger cumulative volume. This gigantic simulation volume allows us to separate systematic bia…
Precision cosmology has recently triggered new attention on the topic of approximate methods for the clustering of matter on large scales, whose foundations date back to the period from late '60s to early '90s. Indeed, although the prospect of reaching sub-percent accuracy in the measurement of clustering poses a challenge even to full N-body simulations, an accurate estimation of the covariance matrix of clustering statistics, not to mention the sampling of parameter space, requires usage of a large number (hundreds in the most favourable cases) of simulated (mock) galaxy catalogs. Combinatio…
We constrain radio source clustering towards $Planck$-selected galaxy clusters using the NVSS point source catalogue. The constraint can be utilised for generating realistic Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect (SZE) mocks, and for predicting detectable clusters count and quantifying source confusion in radio surveys.
The Blanco Cosmology Survey is 4-band (griz) optical-imaging survey that covers ~80 square degrees of the southern sky. The survey consists of two fields roughly centered at (RA,DEC) = (23h,-55d) and (5h30m,-53d) with imaging designed to reach depths sufficient for the detection of L* galaxies out to a redshift of one. In this paper we describe the reduction of the survey data, the creation of calibrated source catalogs and a new method for the separation of stars and galaxies. We search these catalogs for galaxy clusters at z< 0.75 by identifying spatial over-densities of red-sequence galaxie…
Towards precision cosmology with Voids x CMB correlations (I): Roman-Agora mock catalogs and pipeline validation
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias（加那利天体物理学研究所）；Universidad de La Laguna（拉古纳大学）；MTA–CSFK Lendület “Momentum” Large-Scale Structure (LSS) Research Group（马塔-匈牙利科学院技术研究中心“动量”大尺度结构研究组）；Konkoly Observatory, HUN-REN Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences（孔科利天文台，匈牙利研究与创新地球与天文学研究中心）；CPPM, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3（马赛物理中心，艾克斯-马赛大学，法国国家科学研究中心/法国国家核与粒子物理研究所）；Princeton University（普林斯顿大学）
In this dissertation, we study two cosmological models based on $f(Q)$ gravity. We resort to mock catalogs of standard siren (SS) events to see whether data from future gravitational wave (GWs) observatories will be able to distinguish these models from $Λ$CDM. The first model is the most general $f(Q)$ formulation that replicates a $Λ$CDM background, with deviations appearing only at the perturbative level. It has one additional free parameter compared to $Λ$CDM, $α$, which when set to zero falls back to $Λ$CDM. We show that LIGO-Virgo is unable to constrain $α$, due to the high error and low…
We present a comparison of major methodologies of fast generating mock halo or galaxy catalogues. The comparison is done for two-point and the three-point clustering statistics. The reference catalogues are drawn from the BigMultiDark N-body simulation. Both friend-of-friends (including distinct halos only) and spherical overdensity (including distinct halos and subhalos) catalogs have been used with the typical number density of a large-volume galaxy surveys. We demonstrate that a proper biasing model is essential for reproducing the power spectrum at quasilinear and even smaller scales. With…
The halo mass function (HMF) is a critical element in cosmological analyses of galaxy cluster catalogs. We quantify the impact of uncertainties in HMF parameters on cosmological constraints from cluster catalogs similar to those from Planck, those expected from the Euclid, Roman and Rubin surveys, and from a hypothetical larger future survey. We analyse simulated catalogs in each case, gradually loosening priors on HMF parameters to evaluate the degradation in cosmological constraints. While current uncertainties on HMF parameters do not substantially impact Planck-like surveys, we find that t…
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Constraints on Local Non-Gaussianity from the ACT Cluster Catalog
ICCUB, University of Barcelona（巴塞罗那大学）；Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Toronto（多伦多大学理论天体物理研究所）；Wits Centre for Astrophysics, School of Physics, University of the Witwatersrand（威特沃特斯兰德大学物理学院天体物理中心）；Astrophysics Research Centre, School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal（夸祖鲁-纳塔尔大学数学、统计与计算机科学学院天体物理研究中心）；ICREA（加泰罗尼亚高级研究院）；Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh（匹兹堡大学物理与天文系）；Department of Physics, Stanford University（斯坦福大学物理系）；Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology（卡弗里粒子天体物理与宇宙学研究所）
Calibrating spectral siren cosmology with synthetic catalogs of binary black hole mergers
INFN, Sezione di Roma（意大利国家核物理研究所罗马分部）；Gran Sasso Science Institute（格兰萨索科学研究所）；INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso（意大利国家核物理研究所格兰萨索国家实验室）；INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma（意大利国家天体物理研究所罗马天文台）
Enhancing dark siren cosmology via Gaussian process reconstruction of incomplete galaxy catalogs
Università di Bologna（博洛尼亚大学）；INFN - Sezione di Bologna（意大利国家核物理研究所博洛尼分所）；Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute)（马克斯·普朗克引力物理研究所（爱因斯坦研究所））；INAF - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna（意大利国家天体物理研究所博洛尼亚天文与空间科学观测站）
Learning Cosmology from Nearest Neighbour Statistics
University of Groningen（格罗宁根大学）；Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune（印度科学教育研究所浦那分校）；Flatiron Institute（平顿研究所）；Princeton University（普林斯顿大学）；Stanford University（斯坦福大学）；Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, Stanford University（斯坦福大学卡弗里粒子天体物理与宇宙学研究所）；SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory（SLAC国家加速器实验室）
Towards precision cosmology with Void x CMB correlations (II): Impact of mock catalogs on the Void x CMB lensing signal
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias（加那利群岛天体物理研究所）；Universidad de La Laguna（拉戈纳大学）；MTA–CSFK Lendület “Momentum” Large-Scale Structure (LSS) Research Group（匈牙利科学院-塞格德大学“动量”大尺度结构研究组）；Konkoly Observatory, HUN-REN Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences（孔科利天文台，匈牙利研究与创新网络地球与天文学研究中心）；CPPM, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3（地中海粒子与核物理中心，艾克斯-马赛大学，法国国家科学研究中心/法国国家核与粒子物理研究所）；Princeton University（普林斯顿大学）；California Institute of Technology（加州理工学院）
研究通过分析模拟目录对Void x CMB引力透镜信号的影响，探讨了未来宇宙学约束的潜力，发现该信号对模拟目录的依赖性较低，预计罗马任务结合现有和未来CMB观测将显著提高信号噪声比。
Echoes from the dark: Galaxy catalog incompleteness in standard siren cosmology
Università di Bologna（博洛尼亚大学）；INAF-OAS, Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna（意大利国家天体物理研究所-博洛尼亚天文与空间科学观测台）；INFN-Sezione di Bologna（意大利国家核物理研究所博洛尼部分部）；Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca（米兰比可卡大学）；INFN, Sezione di Milano-Bicocca（意大利国家核物理研究所米兰比可卡分）
We discuss the extension to redshift space of a rescaling algorithm, designed to alter the effective cosmology of a pre-existing simulated particle distribution or catalogue of dark matter haloes. The rescaling approach was initially developed by Angulo & White and was adapted and applied to halo catalogues in real space in our previous work. This algorithm requires no information other than the initial and target cosmological parameters, and it contains no tuned parameters. It is shown here that the rescaling method also works well in redshift space, and that the rescaled simulations can repr…
Neutral Hydrogen Intensity Mapping (HI IM) surveys will be a powerful new probe of cosmology. However, strong astrophysical foregrounds contaminate the signal and their coupling with instrumental systematics further increases the data cleaning complexity. In this work, we simulate a realistic single-dish HI IM survey of a $5000$~deg$^2$ patch in the $950 - 1400$ MHz range, with both the MID telescope of the SKA Observatory (SKAO) and MeerKAT, its precursor. We include a state-of-the-art HI simulations and explore different foreground models and instrumental effects such as non-homogeneous ther…
We present a new algorithm for generating merger trees and halo catalogs which explicitly ensures consistency of halo properties (mass, position, and velocity) across timesteps. Our algorithm has demonstrated the ability to improve both the completeness (through detecting and inserting otherwise missing halos) and purity (through detecting and removing spurious objects) of both merger trees and halo catalogs. In addition, our method is able to robustly measure the self-consistency of halo finders; it is the first to directly measure the uncertainties in halo positions, halo velocities, and the…
Probing cosmology with bright sirens from the CosmoDC2_BCO LSST synthetic catalog
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo（圣埃斯皮里图联邦大学）；Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia（跨机构电子天文学实验室）；INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste（意大利国家天体物理研究所的的里雅斯特天文台）；IFPU – Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe（宇宙基础物理研究所）
Not all those missing are lost: leveraging galaxy clustering in incomplete catalogs to unleash dark sirens cosmology
Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics（马克斯·普朗克引力物理学研究所）；University of Nevada, Las Vegas（内华达大学拉斯维加斯分校）；Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh（爱丁堡大学天体物理研究所）；Università di Bologna（博洛尼亚大学）；INFN - Sezione di Bologna（意大利国家核物理研究所博洛尼部分部）
We introduce a new estimator of the peculiar velocity of a galaxy or group of galaxies from redshift and distance estimates. This estimator results in peculiar velocity estimates which are statistically unbiased and that have errors that are Gaussian distributed, thus meeting the assumptions of analyses that rely on individual peculiar velocities. We apply this estimator to the SFI++ and the Cosmicflows-2 catalogs of galaxy distances and, using the fact that peculiar velocity estimates of distant galaxies are error dominated, examine their error distributions, The adoption of the new estimator…
Large area catalogs of galaxy clusters constructed from ROSAT All Sky Survey provide the base for our knowledge on the population of clusters thanks to the long-term multiwavelength efforts on their follow-up. Advent of large area photometric surveys superseding in depth previous all-sky data allows us to revisit the construction of X-ray cluster catalogs, extending the study to lower cluster masses and to higher redshifts and to provide the modelling of the selection function. We perform a wavelet detection of X-ray sources and make extensive simulations of the detection of clusters in the RA…
We present a catalog of 182 galaxy clusters detected through the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope in a contiguous 987.5 deg$^{2}$ field. The clusters were detected as SZ decrements by applying a matched filter to 148 GHz maps that combine the original ACT equatorial survey with data from the first two observing seasons using the ACTPol receiver. Optical/IR confirmation and redshift measurements come from a combination of large public surveys and our own follow-up observations. Where necessary, we measured photometric redshifts for clusters using a pipeline that achi…
We present the latest measurements of the Hubble parameter and of the parameter $Ξ_0$ describing modified gravitational wave propagation, obtained from the third gravitational wave transient catalog, GWTC-3, using the correlation with galaxy catalogs and information from the source-frame mass distribution of binary black holes. The latter leads to the tightest bound on $Ξ_0$ so far, i.e. $Ξ_0 = 1.2^{+0.7}_{-0.7}$ with a flat prior on $Ξ_0$, and $Ξ_0 = 1.0^{+0.4}_{-0.8}$ with a prior uniform in $\logΞ_0$ (Max posterior and $68\%$ HDI). The measurement of $H_0$ is dominated by the single bright …
The XMM-Newton - Blanco Cosmology Survey project (XMM-BCS) is a coordinated X-ray, optical and mid-infrared cluster survey in a field also covered by Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect surveys by the South Pole Telescope and the Atacama Cosmology Telescope. The aim of the project is to study the cluster population in a 14 deg$^2$ field. In this work, we present a catalog of 46 X-ray selected clusters from the initial 6 deg$^2$ survey core. We describe the XMM-BCS source detection pipeline and derive physical properties of the clusters. We provide photometric redshift estimates derived from the BCS imag…
We present a catalog of 191 extragalactic sources detected by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) at 148 GHz and/or 218 GHz in the 2008 Southern survey. Flux densities span 14-1700 mJy, and we use source spectral indices derived using ACT-only data to divide our sources into two sub-populations: 167 radio galaxies powered by central active galactic nuclei (AGN), and 24 dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs). We cross-identify 97% of our sources (166 of the AGN and 19 of the DSFGs) with those in currently available catalogs. When combined with flux densities from the Australian Telescope 20 GHz …
Pushing spectral siren cosmology into the third-generation era: a blinded mock data challenge
Università di Bologna（博洛尼亚大学）；INFN - Sezione di Bologna（意大利国家核物理研究所博洛尼分部）；INAF - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna（意大利国家天体物理研究所博洛尼亚天文与空间科学观测站）；Aix-Marseille Université（艾克斯-马赛大学）；Université de Toulon（土伦大学）；CNRS, CPT（法国国家科学研究中心， cpt 中心）；INFN, Sezione di Roma（意大利国家核物理研究所罗马分部）；“Sapienza” Universitá di Roma（罗马大学）；CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM（法国国家科学研究中心/法国粒子与核物理研究所，马赛质子与核物理中心）
We explore a variety of statistics of clusters selected with cosmic shear measurement by utilizing both analytic models and large numerical simulations. We first develop a halo model to predict the abundance and the clustering of weak lensing selected clusters. Observational effects such as galaxy shape noise are included in our model. We then generate realistic mock weak lensing catalogs to test the accuracy of our analytic model. To this end, we perform full-sky ray-tracing simulations that allow us to have multiple realizations of a large continuous area. We model the masked regions on the …
We use the abundance and weak lensing mass measurements of the SDSS maxBCG cluster catalog to simultaneously constrain cosmology and the richness--mass relation of the clusters. Assuming a flat \LambdaCDM cosmology, we find σ_8(Ω_m/0.25)^{0.41} = 0.832\pm 0.033 after marginalization over all systematics. In common with previous studies, our error budget is dominated by systematic uncertainties, the primary two being the absolute mass scale of the weak lensing masses of the maxBCG clusters, and uncertainty in the scatter of the richness--mass relation. Our constraints are fully consistent with …
We test and present the application of the full rescaling method by Angulo & White (2010) to change the cosmology of halo catalogues in numerical simulations for cosmological parameter search using semi-analytic galaxy properties. We show that a reduced form of the method can be applied in small simulations with box side of ~50/h Mpc. We perform statistical tests on the accuracy of the properties of rescaled individual haloes, and also on the rescaled population as a whole. We find that individual positions and velocities are recovered with almost no detectable biases. The dispersion in the re…
Comparison of peculiar velocities of galaxies with their gravitational accelerations (induced by the density field) is one of the methods to constrain the redshift distortion parameter β=(Ω_m^0.55)/b, where Ω_m is the non-relativistic matter density parameter and b is the linear bias. In particular, one can use the motion of the Local Group (LG) for that purpose. Its peculiar velocity is known from the dipole component of the cosmic microwave background, whereas its acceleration can be estimated with the use of an all-sky galaxy catalog, from the so-called clustering dipole. At the moment, the…
We present a public data release of halo catalogs from a suite of 125 cosmological $N$-body simulations from the Abacus project. The simulations span 40 $w$CDM cosmologies centered on the Planck 2015 cosmology at two mass resolutions, $4\times 10^{10}\;h^{-1}M_\odot$ and $1\times 10^{10}\;h^{-1}M_\odot$, in $1.1\;h^{-1}\mathrm{Gpc}$ and $720\;h^{-1}\mathrm{Mpc}$ boxes, respectively. The boxes are phase-matched to suppress sample variance and isolate cosmology dependence. Additional volume is available via 16 boxes of fixed cosmology and varied phase; a few boxes of single-parameter excursions …
4MOST Cosmology Redshift Survey (CRS): Clustering Properties of CRS Bright Galaxy and Luminous Red Galaxy Target Catalogues
University of Sussex（萨塞克斯大学）；Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)（洛桑联邦理工学院）；Univ Lyon, Univ Lyon1, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon UMR5574（里昂大学、里昂第一大学、里昂高等师范学院、法国国家科学研究中心、里昂天体物理研究中心）；Durham University（杜伦大学）；Monash University（蒙纳士大学）
The Targeted Standard Siren Cosmology with Pulsar Timing Arrays
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal（印度科学教育研究所博帕尔分校）；Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute)（马克斯·普朗克引力物理研究所（爱因斯坦研究所））；Leibniz Universität Hannover（汉诺威莱布尼茨大学）
The estimation of cosmological constraints from observations of the large scale structure of the Universe, such as the power spectrum or the correlation function, requires the knowledge of the inverse of the associated covariance matrix, namely the precision matrix, $\mathbfΨ$. In most analyses, $\mathbfΨ$ is estimated from a limited set of mock catalogues. Depending on how many mocks are used, this estimation has an associated error which must be propagated into the final cosmological constraints. For future surveys such as Euclid and DESI, the control of this additional uncertainty requires …
Currently, fast radio bursts (FRBs) have become a very active field in astronomy and cosmology. However, the origin of FRBs is still unknown to date. The studies on the intrinsic FRB distributions might help us to reveal the possible origins of FRBs, and improve the simulations for FRB cosmology. Recently, the first CHIME/FRB catalog of 536 events was released. Such a large uniform sample of FRBs detected by a single telescope is very valuable to test the FRB distributions. Later, it has been claimed that the FRB distribution model tracking the cosmic star formation history (SFH) was rejected …
The evaluation of the physical parameters or effects such as the luminosity function (LF) or the photometric maximum (PM) for galaxies is routinely modeled by their spectroscopic redshift. Here, we model LF and PM for galaxies by the photometric redshift as given by the Spitzer Wide-Area Infrared Extragalactic (SWIRE) catalog in the framework of a lognormal LF. In addition, we compare our model with the Schechter LF for galaxies. The adopted cosmological framework is that of the flat cosmology.
Cosmology with the angular cross-correlation of gravitational-wave and galaxy catalogs: Forecasts for next-generation interferometers and the Euclid survey
Aix-Marseille Université, Université de Toulon, CNRS, CPT（艾克斯-马赛大学，土伦大学，法国国家科学研究中心，理论物理中心）；Dipartimento di Fisica “G. Occhialini”, Universitá degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca（米兰比可卡大学 G. Occhialini 物理系）；INFN, Sezione di Milano-Bicocca（意大利国家核物理研究所，米兰比可卡分部）
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Extragalactic Point Sources in the Southern Surveys at 150, 220 and 280 GHz observed between 2008-2010
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile（智利天主教 Pontificia 大学）；Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias（加那利群岛天体物理研究所）；Universidad de La Laguna（拉古纳大学）；Sapienza - University of Rome（罗马智慧大学）；University of Cambridge（剑桥大学）；Kavli Institute for Cosmology Cambridge（卡弗里宇宙学剑桥研究所）；University of Arizona（亚利桑那大学）；University of the Witwatersrand（威特沃特斯兰德大学）
We present the results obtained from the full-shape cosmology analysis of the redshift-space power spectra for 4 galaxy samples of the SDSS-III BOSS DR12 galaxy catalog over $0.2 < z < 0.75$. For the theoretical template, we use an emulator that was built from an ensemble set of $N$-body simulations, which enables fast and accurate computation of the redshift-space power spectrum of halos. Combining with the halo occupation distribution to model the halo-galaxy connection, we can compute the redshift-space power spectrum of BOSS-like galaxies in the flat $Λ$CDM cosmology. In our cosmology infe…
