The recent detections of gravitational waves from binary systems of black holes are in remarkable agreement with the predictions of General Relativity. In this pedagogical mini-review, I will go through the physics of the different phases of the evolution of black hole binary systems, providing a qualitative physical interpretation of each one of them. I will also briefly describe how these phases would be modified if gravitation were described by a theory extending or deforming General Relativity, or if the binary components turned out to be more exotic compact objects than black holes.
In February 2016 the first observation of gravitational waves were reported. The source of this event, denoted as GW150914, was identified as the merger of two black holes with a about 30 solar masses each, at a distance of approximately 400Mpc. These data where deduced using the Theory of General Relativity. Since 2009 a modified theory was proposed which adds near massive objects phenomenologically the contribution of a dark energy, whose origin are vacuum uctuations. The dark energy accumulates toward smaller distances, reducing effec- tively the gravitational constant. In this contribution…
Schwarzschild black-hole immersed in an electric or magnetic background in Entangled Relativity
Artemis, Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Observatoire Côte d’Azur（阿耳特弥斯，蔚蓝海岸大学，法国国家科学研究中心，蔚蓝海岸天文台）；Bureau des Affaires Spatiales（空间事务局）；Departament de Física Quántica i Astrofísica (FQA), Universitat de Barcelona (UB)（巴塞罗那大学量子物理与天体物理学系）
In this manuscript, we show that the external Schwarzschild metric can be a good approximation of exact black hole solutions of entangled relativity. Since entangled relativity cannot be defined from vacuum, the demonstrations need to rely on the definition of matter fields. The electromagnetic field being the easiest (and perhaps the only) existing matter field with infinite range to consider, we study the case of a charged black hole -- for which the solution of entangled relativity and a dilaton theory agree -- as well as the case of a pure radiation -- for which the solution of entangled r…
The ring-down phase of black-hole perturbations is governed by the Quasi-Normal modes (QNM) and offer valuable insight into the nature of the objects emitting them. In General relativity, we identify a dimensionless parameter that can estimate the charge of a black-hole from the energetics of quasi-normal modes. We then extend the analysis for f(R) theories of gravity. Using Isaacson's prescription to modified theories of gravity, we obtain an accurate and robust method to estimate the difference in the radiated energies in the scalar and vector modes due to modifications to general relativity…
This work is originally a Cambridge Part III essay. Throughout the paper, some aspects of General Relativity in higher dimensions are reviewed. The work presented draws a path within the wide landscape of higher dimensional black holes theory towards a specific objective: understanding how the combination of extended black objects and ultra-spinning rotation dynamics give rise to black hole topologies that depart from sphericity. The discussion aims to offer a compromise between giving a reasonably wide picture of the area of higher dimensional black holes, while at the same time going into de…
I present two results that show that, despite its unusual non-linear form, the phenomenology of entangled relativity remains close to the one of general relativity -- without having any free parameter that can be fine tuned in order to facilitate this. In particular, I present the analytical solutions for spherically charged black-holes, and both the analytical and numerical solutions for neutron stars.
We present a new set of analytic solutions of general relativity with a negative cosmological constant, which describe black strings and black p-branes in arbitrary number of dimensions, $D$. The solutions are supported by minimally coupled, free scalar fields, carrying finite energy density.
This work is devoted to investigate some consequences of black holes physics beyond the domain of general relativity, mainly in effective extra dimensional models. The investigation is carried along three gravitational effects, namely the Hawking radiation, the strong deflection of gravitational lensing and the formation of quantum black holes. A cosmological thick brane solution is also investigated. Effective theories and models provide a prominent approach for testing the limits of known theories and show what would be expected beyond that. Based on such idea we have used effective models f…
A general Hamiltonian approach to black hole thermodynamics is used to study entropy and conserved charges for Kerr-AdS solutions in general relativity. These thermodynamic variables are first consistently defined by choosing suitable boundary conditions, and then, they are shown to satisfy the first law of black hole dynamics
Black hole thermodynamics of the Kerr-AdS spacetime in three-dimensional general relativity is analyzed using a Hamiltonian approach. The values of the conserved charges and entropy, obtained by a proper treatment of the AdS asymptotic conditions, are shown to satisfy the first law of black hole dynamics.
We explore different (and complementary) views of spinors and their exotic counterparts, linking the very existence of the later to the presence of black holes. Moreover, we investigate the effects of the exotic term in the Hawking radiation emission rate, as well as its extremes, for asymptotically flat black holes solutions of general relativity. We show that, under certain circumstances, the emission rate extreme condition fixates an equation from which the exotic term could be inferred.
We use the Møller and Landau-Lifshitz energy-momentum definitions in General Relativity (GR) to evaluate the energy-momentum distribution of the phantom black hole space-time. The phantom black hole model was applied to the supermassive black hole at the Galactic Centre. We obtain that in both pseudotensorial prescriptions the energy distribution depends on the mass $M$ of the black hole, the phantom constant $p$ and the radial coordinate $r$. Further, all the calculated momenta are found to be zero. The limiting cases $r\rightarrow 0$, $r\rightarrow \infty $ and $r\rightarrow -\infty $ have a…
We continue our study in 4-dimension to derive non-charged and charged (Anti)-de Sitter black hole solutions in conformal teleparallel equivalent of general relativity. The non-charged and charged equations of motion are applied to a spherically symmetric tetrad and the non-linear differential equations are derived. It is shown that the output solutions of the two cases are identical to those obtained in teleparallel equivalent theory to general relativity. As a result, it is found that in the conformal teleparallel equivalent theory to general relativity, the scalar field cannot influence on …
The recent observation of gravitational waves confirms one of the most interesting predictions in general relativity: the black holes. Because the gravitational waves detected by LIGO fit very well within general relativity as a phenomenon produced by two colliding black holes. Then the reality of black holes seems almost undoubted today. However, a stronger proof on the reality of black holes would be indicated by the observation of the event horizon, which is what defines it. In this article, it is indicated that only the event horizon defines a black hole. There is no mention to the singula…
The central theme of this thesis is the study and analysis of black hole mimickers. The concept of a black hole mimicker is introduced, and various mimicker spacetime models are examined within the framework of classical general relativity. The mimickers examined fall into the classes of regular black holes and traversable wormholes under spherical symmetry. The regular black holes examined can be further categorised as static spacetimes, however the traversable wormhole is allowed to have a dynamic (non-static) throat. Astrophysical observables are calculated for a recently proposed regular b…
Black holes have often provided profound insights into the nature of gravity and the structure of space-time. The study of the mathematical properties of black objects is a major research theme of contemporary theoretical physics. This review presents a comprehensive survey of the various versions of the first law and second law of black hole mechanics in general relativity and beyond. The emphasis is to understand how these laws can constrain the physics beyond general relativity.
It is plausible that quantum gravity effects may lead us to a description of Nature beyond the framework of special relativity. In this case, either the relativity principle is broken or it is maintained. These two scenarios (a violation or a deformation of special relativity) are very different, both conceptually and phenomenologically. We discuss some of their implications on the description of events for different observers and the notion of spacetime.
Recent studies relating the approximations for the equations of state for thin shells and their consequent perturbative evolution are extended to thin-shell wormholes in theories beyond general relativity and more than four spacetime dimensions. The assumption of equations of state of the same form for static and slowly evolving shells appears as a strong restriction excluding the possibility of oscillatory evolutions. Then the new results considerably differ from previous ones obtained within the usual linearized approach.
The electromagnetic (EM) perturbations of the black hole solutions in general relativity coupled to nonlinear electrodynamics (NED) are studied for both electrically and magnetically charged black holes, assuming that the EM perturbations do not alter the spacetime geometry. It is shown that the effective potentials of the electrically and magnetically charged black holes related to test perturbative NED EM fields are related to the effective metric governing the photon motion, contrary to the effective potential of the linear electrodynamic (Maxwell) field that is related to the spacetime met…
Black bounces are spacetimes that can describe, depending on certain parameters, black holes or wormholes. In this work, we use a method to obtain the matter content that generates black bounce solutions in general relativity. The method is constructed in a general way, and as models, we apply it to the Simpson--Visser black bounce solution and the Bardeen-type black bounce solution. We obtain that these metrics are solutions of Einstein's equations when we consider the coupling of the gravitational interaction with a phantom scalar field with a nonlinear electrodynamics. The presence of the p…
We perturbatively construct asymptotically $\mathbb{R}^{1,3}\times\mathbb{T}^2$ black branes with multiple inhomogeneous directions and show that some of them are thermodynamically preferred over uniform branes in both the microcanonical and canonical ensembles. This demonstrates that, unlike five-dimensional black strings, the instability of some unstable black branes has a plausible endpoint that does not require a violation of cosmic censorship.
The production of numerical relativity waveforms that describe quasicircular binary black hole mergers requires high-quality initial data, and an algorithm to iteratively reduce residual eccentricity. To date, these tools remain closed source, or in commercial software that prevents their use in high performance computing platforms. To address these limitations, and to ensure that the broader numerical relativity community has access to these tools, herein we provide all the required elements to produce high-quality numerical relativity simulations in supercomputer platforms, namely: open sour…
We show that the higher order curvature corrections to general relativity in the strong gravity regime of near horizon scales produce a rapidly oscillating and infalling Ricci scalar fireball just outside the horizon. This can generate the ringdown modes of gravitational waves having the same natural frequency as those which are generated by the black hole mergers. Our analysis provides a viable explanation to the echoes in the ringdown modes recently detected from the LIGO data, without invoking the existence of any exotic structures at the horizon.
We claim that the physical parameters of the constructed black hole solutions in general relativity (GR) coupled to nonlinear electrodynamics (NED) by Zhong-Ying Fan and Xiaobao Wang in the Paper [Phys. Rev. D 94, 124027 (2016)] are misinterpreted, despite the formalism being correct. We argue that because of these misinterpretations, the derived black hole solutions and the Lagrangian densities presented in that paper are slightly inconsistent. In this comment, we present complete black hole solutions of the given Lagrangian densities which correct the interpretation of the physical parameter…
The parameterized post-Einsteinian framework modifies inspiral waveform models to incorporate effects beyond General Relativity. We extend the existing model into the merger-ringdown regime. The modification introduced here adds a single degree of freedom that corresponds to a change in the binary coalescence time. Other merger properties remain as predicted by GR. We discuss parameter estimation with this model, and how it can be used to extract information from beyond-GR waveforms.
